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antidote

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Dictionary: an·ti·dote   (ăn'tĭ-dōt') pronunciation
 
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n.
  1. A remedy or other agent used to neutralize or counteract the effects of a poison.
  2. An agent that relieves or counteracts: jogging as an antidote to nervous tension.
tr.v., -dot·ed, -dot·ing, -dotes.

To relieve or counteract with an antidote: “Hallie's family life is laced with the poison of self-hatred, a poison that Sam has antidoted with love and understanding“ (Christopher Swan).

[Middle English, from Latin antidotum, from Greek antidoton, from antididonai, antido-, to give as a remedy against : anti-, anti- + didonai, to give.]

antidotal an'ti·dot'al (ăn'tĭ-dōt'l) adj.
antidotally an'ti·dot'al·ly adv.

USAGE NOTE   Antidote may be followed by to, for, or against: an antidote to boredom; an antidote for snakebite; an antidote against inflation.


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Thesaurus: antidote
 
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noun

    Something that corrects or counteracts: corrective, countermeasure, curative, cure, remedy. See better/worse.

 
Dental Dictionary: antidote
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(an′tidōt)
n

A substance that acts to antagonize the toxic effects of a drug, especially in overdose, or of a poison.

 
Britannica Concise Encyclopedia: antidote
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Remedy to counteract the effects of a poison or toxin. Administered by mouth, intravenously, or sometimes on the skin, it may work by directly neutralizing the poison; causing an opposite effect in the body; binding to the poison to prevent its absorption, inactivate it, or keep it from fitting a receptor at its site of action; or binding to a receptor to prevent the poison's binding there, blocking its action. Some poisons are not active until converted to a different form in the body; their antidotes interrupt that conversion.

For more information on antidote, visit Britannica.com.

 
Veterinary Dictionary: antidotal
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Having the properties of an antidote.

  • a. therapy — treatment specifically directed towards reversing the effects of a poison.
 
Word Tutor: antidote
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pronunciation

IN BRIEF: A remedy or treatment for poison.

pronunciation Is there a good antidote for rattlesnake venom?

 
Wikipedia: Antidote
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For the debut album by the musical act Foals, see Antidotes
"Antidote" redirects here. For the song by The Hives, see Tyrannosaurus Hives.
Part of a series on
Toxicology and poison
 
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An antidote is a substance which can counteract a form of poisoning.[1] The term ultimately derives from the Greek αντιδιδοναι antididonai, "given against".

The antidotes for some particular toxins are manufactured by injecting the toxin into an animal in small doses and extracting the resulting antibodies from the host animals' blood. This results in an antivenom that can be used to counteract poison produced by certain species of snakes, spiders, and other venomous animals. A number of venoms lack a viable antivenom, and a bite or sting from an animal producing such a toxin often results in death. Some animal venoms, especially those produced by arthropods (e.g. certain spiders, scorpions, bees, etc.) are only potentially lethal when they provoke allergic reactions and induce anaphylactic shock; as such, there is no "antidote" for these venoms because it is not a form of poisoning, though anaphylactic shock can be treated (e.g., by the use of epinephrine).

Some other toxins have no known antidote. For example, the poison ricin, which is produced from the waste byproduct of castor oil manufacture, has no antidote, and as a result is often fatal if it enters the human body in sufficient quantities.

Contents

Mechanical approaches

Ingested poisons are frequently treated by the oral administration of activated charcoal, which absorbs the poison and flushes it from the digestive tract, thereby removing a large part of the toxin.

Poisons which are injected into the body (such as those from bites or stings from venomous animals) are usually treated by the use of a constriction band which limits the flow of lymph and/or blood to the area, thus slowing circulation of the poison around the body. This should not be confused with use of a tourniquet which cuts off blood flow completely - often leading to the loss to the limb.

List of antidotes

Agent Indication
Activated charcoal with sorbital used for many oral toxins
Atropine organophosphate and carbamate insecticides, some mushrooms
Beta Blocker theophylline
Calcium chloride calcium channel blockers, black widow spider bites
Calcium gluconate hydrofluoric acid
Chelators such as EDTA, dimercaprol (BAL), penicillamine, and 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA, succimer) heavy metal poisoning
Cyanide antidote(amyl nitrite, sodium nitrite, or thiosulfate) cyanide poisoning
Cyproheptadine serotonin syndrome
Deferoxamine mesylate Iron poisoning
Digoxin Immune Fab antibody (Digibind and Digifab) digoxin poisoning
Diphenhydramine hydrochloride and benztropine mesylate Extrapyramidal reactions associated with antipsychotic
Ethanol or fomepizole ethylene glycol poisoning and methanol poisoning
Flumazenil benzodiazepine poisoning
Glucagon beta blocker poisoning and calcium channel blocker poisoning
100% oxygen or hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) carbon monoxide poisoning and cyanide poisoning
Insulin beta blocker poisoning and calcium channel blocker poisoning
Leucovorin methotrexate and trimethoprim
Methylene blue treatment of conditions that cause methemoglobinemia
Naloxone hydrochloride opioid poisoning
N-acetylcysteine Paracetamol (acetaminophen) poisoning
Octreotide oral hypoglycemic agents
Pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM) organophosphate insecticides
Protamine sulfate Heparin poisoning
Prussian blue Thallium poisoning
Physostigmine sulfate anticholinergic poisoning
Pyridoxine Isoniazid poisoning, ethylene glycol
Phytomenadione(vitamin K) and fresh frozen plasma warfarin poisoning and indanedione
Sodium bicarbonate ASA, TCAs with a wide QRS

References

  1. ^ antidote at Dorland's Medical Dictionary

See also

Sister project Look up antidote in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
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Major drug groups
Gastrointestinal tract/metabolism (A)
Blood and blood forming organs (B)
Cardiovascular system (C)
Skin (D)
Reproductive system (G)
Endocrine system (H)
Infections and infestations (J, P, QI)
Malignant disease (L01-L02)
Immune disease (L03-L04)
Muscles, bones, and joints (M)
Brain and nervous system (N)
Respiratory system (R)
Sensory organs (S)
Other ATC (V)
v • d • e
Antidotes (V03AB)
Nervous system
Cardiovascular
Other
Paracetamol toxicity (Acetaminophen)
Other
Emetic
# = WHO-EM

This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)

 
Translations: Antidote
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Dansk (Danish)
n. - antidot, modgift

Nederlands (Dutch)
tegengif, middel tegen

Français (French)
n. - (Méd, fig) antidote, contre-poison

Deutsch (German)
n. - Gegengift, Gegenmittel

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - (ιατρ., μτφ.) αντίδοτο

Italiano (Italian)
antidoto

Português (Portuguese)
n. - antídoto (m)

Русский (Russian)
противоядие

Español (Spanish)
n. - antídoto, antitoxina, antitóxico, contraveneno

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - motgift

中文（简体）(Chinese (Simplified))
矫正方法, 解毒剂

中文（繁體）(Chinese (Traditional))
n. - 矯正方法, 解毒劑

한국어 (Korean)
n. - 해독제, 교정법

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - 解毒剤, 矯正手段, 対策

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) مضاد للسم‏

עברית (Hebrew)
n. - ‮תרופה המנטרלת פעולת רעל, כל דבר הפועל נגד דבר לא-נעים או רע‬

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Did you mean: antidote, antidote, Antidote (performed by The Hives), Antidote (performed by Jamelia), Antidote (2001 Album by Jenny Toomey), Antidote (2004 Album by The Gamits) More...


 

Copyrights:

Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2007. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.  Read more
Thesaurus. Roget's II: The New Thesaurus, Third Edition by the Editors of the American Heritage® Dictionary Copyright © 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.  Read more
Dental Dictionary. Mosby's Dental Dictionary. Copyright © 2004 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.  Read more
Britannica Concise Encyclopedia. Britannica Concise Encyclopedia. © 2006 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. All rights reserved.  Read more
Veterinary Dictionary. Saunders Comprehensive Veterinary Dictionary 3rd Edition. Copyright © 2007 by D.C. Blood, V.P. Studdert and C.C. Gay, Elsevier. All rights reserved.  Read more
Word Tutor. Copyright © 2004-present by eSpindle Learning, a 501(c) nonprofit organization. All rights reserved.
eSpindle provides personalized spelling and vocabulary tutoring online; free trial.  Read more
Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Antidote".  Read more
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