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Basic fibroblast growth factor, also known as bFGF, FGF2 or FGF-β[1], is a member of the fibroblast growth factor family.[2]
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Function
In normal tissue, basic fibroblast growth factor is present in basement membranes and in the subendothelial extracellular matrix of blood vessels. It stays membrane-bound as long as there is no signal peptide.
It has been hypothesized that, during both wound healing of normal tissues and tumor development, the action of heparan sulfate-degrading enzymes activates bFGF, thus mediating the formation of new blood vessels, a process known as angiogenesis.
Recent evidence has shown that low levels of FGF2 have been shown to play a key role in the incidence of excessive anxiety. [3]
Additionally, bFGF is a critical component of human embryonic stem cell culture medium; the growth factor is necessary for the cells to remain in an undifferentiated state, although the mechanisms by which it does this are poorly defined. It has been demonstrated to induce gremlin expression which in turn is known to inhibit the induction of differentiation by bone morphogenetic proteins.[3] It is necessary in mouse-feeder cell dependent culture systems, as well as in feeder and serum-free culture systems.[4]
See also
- Fibroblast growth factor
- Signal transduction
- Receptor (biochemistry)
- Growth Factor
- Cytokine
- Angiogenesis
- Anxiety Disorders
References
- ^ Horst Ibelgaufts' COPE: FGF-beta
- ^ Kim HS (1998). "Assignment1 of the human basic fibroblast growth factor gene FGF2 to chromosome 4 band q26 by radiation hybrid mapping". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 83 (1-2): 73. doi:. PMID 9925931.
- ^ Pereira RC, Economides AN, Canalis E (December 2000). "Bone morphogenetic proteins induce gremlin, a protein that limits their activity in osteoblasts". Endocrinology 141 (12): 4558–63. doi:. PMID 11108268. http://endo.endojournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=11108268.
- ^ Liu Y, Song Z, Zhao Y, Qin H, Cai J, Zhang H, Yu T, Jiang S, Wang G, Ding M, Deng H (2006). "A novel chemical-defined medium with bFGF and N2B27 supplements supports undifferentiated growth in human embryonic stem cells". Biochem Biophys Res Commun 346 (1): 131–9. doi:. PMID 16753134.
Further reading
- Ornitz DM, Itoh N (2001). "Fibroblast growth factors.". Genome Biol. 2 (3): REVIEWS3005. doi:. PMID 11276432.
- Orpana A, Salven P (2003). "Angiogenic and lymphangiogenic molecules in hematological malignancies.". Leuk. Lymphoma 43 (2): 219–24. doi:. PMID 11999550.
- Marie PJ, Debiais F, Haÿ E (2003). "Regulation of human cranial osteoblast phenotype by FGF-2, FGFR-2 and BMP-2 signaling.". Histol. Histopathol. 17 (3): 877–85. PMID 12168799.
- Vincent T, Saklatvala J (2006). "Basic fibroblast growth factor: an extracellular mechanotransducer in articular cartilage?". Biochem. Soc. Trans. 34 (Pt 3): 456–7. doi:. PMID 16709186.
- Ribatti D, Vacca A, Rusnati M, Presta M (2007). "The discovery of basic fibroblast growth factor/fibroblast growth factor-2 and its role in haematological malignancies.". Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 18 (3-4): 327–34. doi:. PMID 17537668.
- Watson R, Anthony F, Pickett M, et al. (1992). "Reverse transcription with nested polymerase chain reaction shows expression of basic fibroblast growth factor transcripts in human granulosa and cumulus cells from in vitro fertilisation patients.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 187 (3): 1227–31. doi:. PMID 1417798.
- Zhu X, Komiya H, Chirino A, et al. (1991). "Three-dimensional structures of acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors.". Science 251 (4989): 90–3. doi:. PMID 1702556.
- Eriksson AE, Cousens LS, Weaver LH, Matthews BW (1991). "Three-dimensional structure of human basic fibroblast growth factor.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88 (8): 3441–5. doi:. PMID 1707542.
- Ago H, Kitagawa Y, Fujishima A, et al. (1992). "Crystal structure of basic fibroblast growth factor at 1.6 A resolution.". J. Biochem. 110 (3): 360–3. PMID 1769963.
- Florkiewicz RZ, Shibata F, Barankiewicz T, et al. (1992). "Basic fibroblast growth factor gene expression.". Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 638: 109–26. doi:. PMID 1785797.
- Zhang JD, Cousens LS, Barr PJ, Sprang SR (1991). "Three-dimensional structure of human basic fibroblast growth factor, a structural homolog of interleukin 1 beta.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88 (8): 3446–50. doi:. PMID 1849658.
- Wu DQ, Kan MK, Sato GH, et al. (1991). "Characterization and molecular cloning of a putative binding protein for heparin-binding growth factors.". J. Biol. Chem. 266 (25): 16778–85. PMID 1885605.
- Fukushima Y, Byers MG, Fiddes JC, Shows TB (1991). "The human basic fibroblast growth factor gene (FGFB) is assigned to chromosome 4q25.". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 54 (3-4): 159–60. doi:. PMID 2265560.
- Lafage-Pochitaloff M, Galland F, Simonetti J, et al. (1990). "The human basic fibroblast growth factor gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 4 at bands q26-q27.". Oncogene Res. 5 (3): 241–4. PMID 2320377.
- Story MT, Esch F, Shimasaki S, et al. (1987). "Amino-terminal sequence of a large form of basic fibroblast growth factor isolated from human benign prostatic hyperplastic tissue.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 142 (3): 702–9. doi:. PMID 2435284.
- Kurokawa T, Sasada R, Iwane M, Igarashi K (1987). "Cloning and expression of cDNA encoding human basic fibroblast growth factor.". FEBS Lett. 213 (1): 189–94. doi:. PMID 2435575.
- Prats H, Kaghad M, Prats AC, et al. (1989). "High molecular mass forms of basic fibroblast growth factor are initiated by alternative CUG codons.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86 (6): 1836–40. doi:. PMID 2538817.
- Florkiewicz RZ, Sommer A (1989). "Human basic fibroblast growth factor gene encodes four polypeptides: three initiate translation from non-AUG codons.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86 (11): 3978–81. doi:. PMID 2726761.
- Abraham JA, Whang JL, Tumolo A, et al. (1987). "Human basic fibroblast growth factor: nucleotide sequence, genomic organization, and expression in mammalian cells.". Cold Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol. 51 Pt 1: 657–68. PMID 3472745.
- Sommer A, Brewer MT, Thompson RC, et al. (1987). "A form of human basic fibroblast growth factor with an extended amino terminus.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 144 (2): 543–50. doi:. PMID 3579930.
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