Haverhill

 

(hā'vərĭl) , city (1990 pop. 51,418), Essex co., NE Mass., on the Merrimack River; inc. as a town 1641, as a city 1870. Formerly one of the nation's leading shoe producers, Haverhill processes leather and makes leather, textile, and paper products. High-technology computer industries in the area and the manufacture of electronic components add to the city's economic base. Points of interest are John Greenleaf Whittier's birthplace (the house dates from c.1688) and the home of Hannah Dustin. A branch of Northeastern Univ. is in the city.

Haverhill, Massachusetts
Seal
Location in Essex County in Massachusetts
Coordinates: 42°46′34″N 71°04′40″W / 42.77611, -71.07778
Country	United States
State	Massachusetts
County	Essex
Settled	1640
Incorporated	1641
Government
- Type	Mayor-council city
- Mayor	James J. Fiorentini
Area
- City	sq mi (km²)
- Land	sq mi ( km²)
- Water	sq mi ( km²)
Elevation	ft ( m)
Population (2000)
- City
- Density	/sq mi (/km²)
Time zone	Eastern (UTC-5)
- Summer (DST)	Eastern (UTC-4)
ZIP code	01830
Area code(s)	351 / 978
FIPS code	25-29405
GNIS feature ID	0612607
Website: http://www.ci.haverhill.ma.us/

Haverhill (IPA Pronounciation /ˈheɪ.vrɪl/) is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 58,969 at the 2000 census. Haverhill is home to Northern Essex Community College.

History

Situated on the Merrimack River, the area was originally called "Pentucket," meaning "land of the winding river," by the native Pentucket Indians, a branch of the Pennacook nation. It was first settled by European colonists in 1640. Purchased from the tribe in 1641, the town was incorporated as "Haverhill," after Haverhill, England. It was attacked by Indians on March 15, 1697, when about 39 people were either killed or captured, and about 6 houses were burned.

Although it began as a farming community, it would evolve into an important industrial center, beginning with sawmills and gristmills run by water power. In the 18th century, Haverhill developed tanneries, shipping and shipbuilding. The mill town was for 180 years home to a large shoe-making industry, which faded with the Great Depression of the 1930s. It also once manufactured hats. Incorporated as a city in 1870, Haverhill would annex part of Bradford in 1897.

Haverhill was the site of the original Macy's store, established to sell dry goods in 1851 by Rowland H. Macy. It was also where Hollywood mogul Louis B. Mayer got his start in show business by operating a chain of theatres. The city has much fine old architecture, particularly in the Victorian style, built during the flush mill era.

Haverhill is also one of the main inspirations for the comic Archie. The comic's creator, Bob Montana, lived in Haverhill and attended Haverhill High School from 1936 to 1939, and based characters Archie, Jughead, Veronica, Betty, and Reggie on people he knew at Haverhill High.[1].

In 1998, Haverhill was chosen as the finish for the History Channel's 16th annual Great Race which features a 4000-mile journey across the country for antique cars. Although the event was expected to bring over 50,000 people to the city, the worst rain storm in 41 years caused the attendance to drop to 14,000 people.[2]

Higher Education

Until its closing in 2000, Bradford College provided liberal arts higher education in Haverhill. In 2007, an affiliate of David Green's Hobby Lobby stores purchased the campus. Following an esitimated $5 million renovation, it will be gifted to the Assemblies of God as the new home of the Zion Bible College.^[1]

Haverhill is the home of the main campus of Northern Essex Community College, which has a wide array of courses available for undergraduate students.

Geography

Haverhill is located at 42°46′41″N, 71°5′6″W (42.778090, -71.084916).¹

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 92.3 km² (35.6 mi²). 86.3 km² (33.3 mi²) of it is land and 6.0 km² (2.3 mi²) of it (6.48%) is water. Haverhill is drained by the Little and Merrimack rivers. Ayer's Hill, a drumlin with an elevation of 339 feet (103 meters), is the highest point in the city.

Demographics

As of the census² of 2000, there were 58,969 people, 22,976 households, and 14,865 families residing in the city. The population density was 683.1/km² (1,769.4/mi²). There were 23,737 housing units at an average density of 275.0/km² (712.2/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 89.67% White, 2.41% African American, 0.22% Native American, 1.36% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 4.30% from other races, and 2.01% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8.77% of the population.

There were 22,976 households out of which 33.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.0% were married couples living together, 13.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.3% were non-families. 28.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.51 and the average family size was 3.11.

In the city the population was spread out with 25.7% under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 33.5% from 25 to 44, 20.4% from 45 to 64, and 12.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 90.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.7 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $49,833, and the median income for a family was $59,772. Males had a median income of $41,197 versus $31,779 for females. The per capita income for the city was $23,280. About 7.0% of families and 9.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.3% of those under age 18 and 10.0% of those age 65 or over.

Points of interest

• Tattersall Farm
• John Greenleaf Whittier Homestead
• Winnekenni Castle
• The Buttonwoods Museum -- Haverhill Historical Society
• John Greenleaf Whittier Homestead
• Bradford College

Notable residents

• Louis Alter, songwriter ("Do You Know What It Means to Miss New Orleans?")
• Daniel Appleton, publisher^[2]
• William Henry Appleton, son of Daniel Appleton, publisher^[2]
• Bailey Bartlett, member of the United State Constitutional Convention
• John Bellairs, children's author
• William Berenberg, Harvard professor and pediatrician
• Tom Bergeron, game show host
• Isaac Newton Carleton, educator
• Walter Tenney Carleton, businessman
• Stuart Chase, American economist
• Andre Dubus, American short story writer, essayist, and autobiographer
• Hannah Duston, heroine
• Frank Fontaine, comedian, Crazy Gugenheim on The Jackie Gleason Show
• Charlotte Fullerton, author and Emmy-winning children's television writer/producer
• Moses Hazen, Continental Army General
• Rowland H. Macy, merchant
• Louis B. Mayer, movie producer
• Bob Montana, Archie cartoonist
• William Henry Moody, Supreme Court Justice
• Carlos Peña, baseball player
• Nathaniel Saltonstall, judge at Salem Witch Trials
• Jon Shain, folk musician
• Shot Down Sun, Metalcore band
• Charles Augustus Strong philosopher, of the American school of critical realism
• Termanology, rapper
• John Greenleaf Whittier, poet
• Rob Zombie, musician
• Spider One, musician
• Jeff Fraza, boxer
• Dan Heselton, Musician
• Travis Benson, Musician, mayor

See also

• Haverhill (Amtrak station)

References

1. ^ "Zion Bible College has new home and new president", Assemblies of God News Service, 2007-10-03. Retrieved on 2007-10-03. 
2. ^ ^{a b} (1963) Who Was Who in America, Historical Volume, 1607-1896. Marquis Who's Who. 

External links

• City of Haverhill, Massachusetts Official Website
  • Haverhill Massachusetts Community Information and Guide - This Haverhill Massachusetts web site provides useful, reliable and up-to-date information about Haverhill for its residents, neighbors and visitors to explore and enjoy.
  • Ghosts of Bradford College - Ghost stories from Haverhill
  • Haverhill Public Library
  • Northern Essex Community College
  • Zion Bible College

Coordinates: 42.77809° N 71.084916° W

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