| South Shore Line | |
  South Shore line |
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| Reporting mark | NICD |
|---|---|
| Locale | Chicago, IL to South Bend, IN |
| Dates of operation | 1903–present |
| Track gauge | 4 ft 81⁄2 in (1,435 mm) (standard gauge) |
| Headquarters | Chesterton, IN |
The South Shore Line (reporting mark NICD) is an electrically powered interurban commuter rail line (passenger) operated by the Northern Indiana Commuter Transportation District (NICTD) between Millennium Station in downtown Chicago and the South Bend Regional Airport in South Bend, Indiana. Freight service is operated by the Chicago SouthShore and South Bend Railroad.
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History
Chicago and Indiana Air Line Railway
The oldest predecessor of the line was the Chicago and Indiana Air Line Railway, chartered on December 2, 1901. Service began in September, 1903, between East Chicago, Indiana and Indiana Harbor (now a neighborhood of East Chicago, but once an independent municipality). The following year it was renamed the Chicago, Lake Shore and South Bend Railway. Revenue service began July 1, 1908, on the line from Michigan City east to South Bend. An extension west to State Line Junction in Hammond, a transfer point for other railroads, opened September 8.
Chicago Lake Shore and South Bend Railroad
The Chicago Lake Shore and South Bend Railroad (CLS&SB) began serving northern Indiana in 1908. It was part of the Interurban growth that was beginning across the United States. Unlike street cars, the 'South Shore Line' operated on a high voltage system that allowed for the use of standard railroad gauge equipment.
The Illinois Central Railroad-owned Kensington and Eastern Railroad was chartered in Illinois to complete the route, and was leased to the CLS&SB on April 4, 1909. That year the full line to Kensington, Illinois on the Illinois Central was completed, and from June 2, 1912, one, trains were coupled to IC steam locomotives and ran all the way to downtown Chicago.
Chicago South Shore and South Bend Railroad
The Chicago Lake Shore and South Bend entered receivership on February 28, 1925, and was bought at foreclosure by Samuel Insull's Chicago South Shore and South Bend Railroad (incorporated June 23) on June 29. The line handled both freight and passengers. [1]
The power system was changed from 6600 volts AC to 1500 volts DC on July 28, 1926, allowing CSS&SB trains to operate directly to the Illinois Central's Randolph Street Terminal without an engine change. Trains began running to Chicago on August 29. That same year, the original line between East Chicago and Indiana Harbor was abandoned.
The CSS&SB turned a profit during World War II due to the industrial nature of Northern Indiana. However, highway competition and suburban growth led to ridership declines. By the 1950s all inter urban lines were seeing a decline in rail travel as auto travel increased. [1] On September 16, 1956, a street-running section in East Chicago was removed with the building of a new alignment alongside the Indiana Toll Road. A truncation to west of downtown South Bend removed street trackage in that city from July 1, 1970. However, street trackage still exists in downtown Michigan City. In 1976, the South Shore filed with the Interstate Commerce Commission to end passenger service. It was not approved.
Northern Indiana Commuter Transportation District
The line was operated as the Chicago South Shore and South Bend Railroad until it went bankrupt in 1989, when the NICTD, formed in 1977 to help fund the line, took over operations. The line's freight service was picked up in 1990 by the new Chicago SouthShore and South Bend Railroad, which still operates freight service.
The NICTD is one of the few surviving interurbans in the United States, with only the Norristown High Speed Line and SEPTA Suburban Trolley Lines in the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania area in the same category. The main yard, shops and dispatching office are in Michigan City, and NICTD corporate headquarters is in Chesterton.
The Chesapeake and Ohio Railway bought the line on January 3, 1967. The CSS&SB was one of six railroads with "long-distance" passenger services to decline joining Amtrak in 1971, and in 1976 they asked the Interstate Commerce Commission to abandon passenger service. The ICC gave the State of Indiana a chance to reply, and the Northern Indiana Commuter Transportation District was formed in 1977 to fund the service. The company went bankrupt, and passenger service was taken over by the NICTD in December 1989. In December, 1990, the track was sold to the NICTD, and freight service was taken over by the new Chicago SouthShore and South Bend Railroad, a subsidiary of short line operator Anacostia and Pacific.
On November 21, 1992, an extension was opened from the old South Bend terminal at the Amtrak station to the South Bend Regional Airport.
As of November, 2005, there is an ongoing debate pertaining to plans to relocate trackage off the streets of Michigan City.[2]
As of June, 2006, there is a proposal service entitled the West Lake Corridor, for adding spur lines to the cities of Valparaiso and Lowell.
Concerns over the price of gasoline as well as the growing population of Northern Indiana has increased the ridership of the South Shore Line enough to require the addition of new passenger railway cars to the line. In March 2009, 14 double-decker cars were put into service to help alleviate overcrowding on certain trains.
Station stops
South Shore Line trains make the following station stops: (not all trains stop at all stations)[3]
- Millennium Station (Randolph Street)
- Van Buren Street
- Museum Campus/11th Street
- McCormick Place (weekends only)
- 57th Street (moved from 59th Street in 2004)
- 63rd Street (very limited service)
- Kensington
- Hegewisch
- Hammond
- East Chicago
- Gary Airport / Clark Road (Gary/Chicago International Airport)
- Gary Metro Center
- Miller
- Ogden Dunes/Portage
- Dune Park
- Beverly Shores
- 11th Street (Michigan City)
- Carroll Avenue (Michigan City)
- Hudson Lake
- South Bend Airport
All stops between Randolph Street and Kensington are also served by the Metra Electric Line. Metra owns the track in this territory. Because of this, the east-bound South Shore Line is loading only between those two stops; west-bound is unloading only.
In Popular Culture
- In the film Soul Food, two sisters played by Vanessa L. Williams and Vivica A. Fox get into a fight over a boyfriend in the street in front of the South Shore station located on Exchange Avenue.
- In the film The Dark Knight, Batman rides his motorcycle through Millennium Station to continue pursuit of The Joker.
See also
- South Shore Line (CSS) a freight rail line
References
- ^ a b Economic Adjustment Study: Chicago South Shore and South Bend Railroad Corridor, Final Report; Northwestern Indiana Regional Planning Commission and Northern Indiana Commuter Transportation District,; March 1980; pg 1
- ^ Maddux, Stan (2008-02-14). "Michigan City weighs South Shore track route". Post-Tribune. http://www.post-trib.com/news/793787%2Ctrackroute.article. Retrieved on 2008-02-18.
- ^ Economic Adjustment Study: Chicago South Shore and South Bend Railroad Corridor, Final Report; Northwestern Indiana Regional Planning Commission and Northern Indiana Commuter Transportation District,; March 1980; Appendix A
External links
- Northern Indiana Commuter Transportation District (passenger)
- Chicago, Illinois / South Bend, Indiana: The South Shore Line
- SouthShore.Railfan.net
- Metra Railfan Tips - South Shore Line
- The Little Railroad That Could, The South Shore
- 1973 Illinois Central Gulf Railroad track charts - Kensington and Eastern Railroad
- Operations between Michigan City and Gary on the prototype Ideal Section
- Unofficial South Shore Line GoogleMap
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