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Q: Angular momentum about the center of the planet is conserved?
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What could Kepler's second law be used to measure?

Kepler's second law says that the line joining a planet to the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal time. Kepler noticed that when a planet's orbit takes it slightly further from the Sun, it moves more slowly. He deduced from calculations made from observations that when the distance increases by 1%, the angular speed decreases by 1%, so the distance times the angular speed, which is the area swept out per second, stays constant. He found this is true all the time for all the planets, a very important discovery in the history of science. The planet's mass times the distance times the angular speed is the angular momentum, and this stays constant. So angular momentum is 'conserved' as the planet goes round, speeding up and slowing down in its orbit. Therefore the second law is now known as a statement of an important physical principle called the Conservation of Angular Momentum. In this way Kepler's second law contributed to scientific progress after his death. Angular speed is measured in radians per second, and the angular momentum is mass times distance times angular speed. For a single particle it is equal to the linear momentum of the particle (mass times speed), while for a rigid body it is the angular speed times the moment of inertia.


What does a planets rotation cause?

This is a very good question that may not have an ultimate answer, but there is an explanation. The reason a planet rotates is due to its origins from the nebula from which it formed. This nebula had to be rotating. You probably have heard about the gyroscope and how it works- conservation of angular momentum. Angular momentum is determined by the rate of rotation and the mass of the object and its distribution as a function of distance from the axis of rotation. This is the principle behind an ice-skater spinning up when the arms are brought close to the body, or slowing down when the arms are extended. Except for dissipation and action of other torques, angular momentum is held constant. Thus the rotation of the gases and dust from which a planet formed causes the planet to keep on rotating, to conserve the initial angular momentum.The planet's rotation is of course changed by events both inside and outside of the planet. For example, it has been recently shown that the use of dams has changed the distribution of stored water on earth at different latitudes, sufficiently to change the length of the day! The difference is small, but has been detectable.But, why is the angular momentum conserved? And why was the nebula rotating if the universe began in a big bang?


How can angular momentum's rotation be similar with the planets rotation from the sun?

It happens because the planet moves more slowly in the part of its orbit where it is further away from the Sun. The area swept out in a fixed time increment by a line joining the planet to the sun is a measure of the angular momentum. It remains constant, and Kepler's 2nd law is in effect a statement of conservation of angular momentum. The other thing that stays constant for a planet's orbit is the sum of the kinetic and potential energies, which is conservation of energy. Kepler didn't know any of this, it came well after his lifetime. But he did discover his 3 laws and this gave later scientists their starting point.


What is the change in angular momentum of a planet with radius R if an asteroid mass m and speed v hits the equator at an angle from the West 40 degrees from the radial direction?

The asteroid's velocity component tangent to the surface of the planet at the equator is:│v│∙ sin 40oThis times the mass of the asteroid gives the impulse (F∙t) the asteroid gives tothe planet, tangent at the point of impact and in the direction of the planet rotation:m∙│v│∙ sin 40oThis time the radius of the planet gives the increment in angular momentum ofthe planet:R∙│v│∙ sin 40o


Which physical quantity is conserved when a planet revolves around the sun?

moment of inertia is conserved.

Related questions

When does a planet have the greatest angular momentum?

A planet's angular momentum is constant, which is one way of stating Kepler's second law of planetary motion, the one about sweeping out equal areas. The angular momentum of the daily rotation is also constant.


Why does the world spin on its axis?

Mainly because any object that is spinning has a tendency to continue spinning. This is called conservation of angular momentum. The initial spin must have come when the planet was formed; different objects crashed together, forming the planet, and it is very unlikely that all of these crashes were exactly in the center of the newly-forming planet, so there was a random net angular momentum.


Does the world spin on its axis?

Mainly because any object that is spinning has a tendency to continue spinning. This is called conservation of angular momentum. The initial spin must have come when the planet was formed; different objects crashed together, forming the planet, and it is very unlikely that all of these crashes were exactly in the center of the newly-forming planet, so there was a random net angular momentum.


What keeps Venus up in space?

Angular momentum is what keeps the planet Venus up, in the sense of not falling into the sun. To be precise, it is the balance between the gravitational attraction of the sun, and the angular momentum of the planet, which keeps Venus in its orbit.


Explain how momentum is conserved when a ball bounces against a floor?

The ball's momentum changes in one direction, the momentum of planet Earth in the opposite direction.


Can a body in translatory motion have angular momentum?

Yes. A nice example is a planet in orbit around the sun. Even if it were not rotating, it would have angular momentum on account of its curved, closed path.


What could Kepler's second law be used to measure?

Kepler's second law says that the line joining a planet to the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal time. Kepler noticed that when a planet's orbit takes it slightly further from the Sun, it moves more slowly. He deduced from calculations made from observations that when the distance increases by 1%, the angular speed decreases by 1%, so the distance times the angular speed, which is the area swept out per second, stays constant. He found this is true all the time for all the planets, a very important discovery in the history of science. The planet's mass times the distance times the angular speed is the angular momentum, and this stays constant. So angular momentum is 'conserved' as the planet goes round, speeding up and slowing down in its orbit. Therefore the second law is now known as a statement of an important physical principle called the Conservation of Angular Momentum. In this way Kepler's second law contributed to scientific progress after his death. Angular speed is measured in radians per second, and the angular momentum is mass times distance times angular speed. For a single particle it is equal to the linear momentum of the particle (mass times speed), while for a rigid body it is the angular speed times the moment of inertia.


What causes the planet revolve around the sun?

The cause of all rotation in the solar system is the rotating gas and dust cloud that the sun and planets coalesced from almost 5 billion years ago. Angular momentum must be conserved and so we continue to rotate today.


What does a planets rotation cause?

This is a very good question that may not have an ultimate answer, but there is an explanation. The reason a planet rotates is due to its origins from the nebula from which it formed. This nebula had to be rotating. You probably have heard about the gyroscope and how it works- conservation of angular momentum. Angular momentum is determined by the rate of rotation and the mass of the object and its distribution as a function of distance from the axis of rotation. This is the principle behind an ice-skater spinning up when the arms are brought close to the body, or slowing down when the arms are extended. Except for dissipation and action of other torques, angular momentum is held constant. Thus the rotation of the gases and dust from which a planet formed causes the planet to keep on rotating, to conserve the initial angular momentum.The planet's rotation is of course changed by events both inside and outside of the planet. For example, it has been recently shown that the use of dams has changed the distribution of stored water on earth at different latitudes, sufficiently to change the length of the day! The difference is small, but has been detectable.But, why is the angular momentum conserved? And why was the nebula rotating if the universe began in a big bang?


What happens to the speed of an object like a planet or satellite if it moves closer to the object it is revolving around?

It increases in order to conserve angular momentum.


How does the law of conservation of momentum relate to work?

It relates to work in the sense that work involves moving things, which involves changing their momentum, and to change momentum you have to create an equal and opposite momentum so that momentum is conserved - although the planet Earth is such a convenient momentum sink that in most cases this happens without being specifically noticed.


How can angular momentum's rotation be similar with the planets rotation from the sun?

It happens because the planet moves more slowly in the part of its orbit where it is further away from the Sun. The area swept out in a fixed time increment by a line joining the planet to the sun is a measure of the angular momentum. It remains constant, and Kepler's 2nd law is in effect a statement of conservation of angular momentum. The other thing that stays constant for a planet's orbit is the sum of the kinetic and potential energies, which is conservation of energy. Kepler didn't know any of this, it came well after his lifetime. But he did discover his 3 laws and this gave later scientists their starting point.