A passport will very likely be sufficient, but check the link below for additional information that may pertain to your unique situation.
Nowhere except when on transit in europe.
No
Yes if you have a Permanent Resident card; however, if you do not have a Permanent Resident card you would need to apply for a visa in advance.
No
No, you need a passport.
yes,
no
YES US Visa is required.
nope
You should bring all of the visa documents, proof of your residencity status.
Canada Only
You will have to apply for a visa, which is quite easy to get.