The cell cycle is controlled by three internal checkpoints that evaluate the cell to the next stage in the cycle can be halted until conditions are favorable.
A cell gets ready for mitosis through replication. Before mitosis can begin, the nucleus must make a copy of its chromatin. This ensures there is two complete sets of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA.) This step is known as replication. When this stage occours, chromatin cannot be seen with a light microscope. The replication chromatin coils up to form double stranded chromosome, which are joined in the middle by a centromere. After replication, two complete sets of DNA are bundled up together as double stranded chromosomes. The nucleus, or "brain", of the cell is finally ready for mitosis to begin.
Near the end of interphase, the chromosomes double. Now the process of mitosis can begin. The phases, in order, that follow are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis. During cytokinesis, the cytoplasm divides and the resulting daughter cells each return to interphase where they spend most of their existence carrying out life processes. At some later point, the cell membrane is unable to handle the flow of materials into and out of the cell. The chromosomes double and mitosis occurs again.
Chromosomes can be seen during cell divison, Reference Before a cell gets ready to divide by mitosis, each chromosome is duplicated (during S phase of the cell cycle
DNA replication occurs during the synthesis (S) phase of mitosis with the use of different replicating factors such as DNA Helicase. It starts the replication by "unzipping" and separating the two helices of DNA (DNA is made up of a double helix, like a twisted ladder). Each strand is duplicated individually with the use of DNA Polymerase. This is called semi-conservative replication because the new DNA created is one strand half old, and one strand half new. It adds nucleotides across from the old strand, matching A-T, and G-C. By the end of the S phase, the cell is getting ready to divide completely (mitosis or meiosis). Mitosis results in exact duplicates whereas crossing over, a.k.a. synapsis, occurs during Prophase 1, or diplotene, in the meiotic process. A more detailed description is best found in a Molecular Biology textbook or a Cell Biology textbook.
Mitosis?
A cell gets ready for mitosis through replication. Before mitosis can begin, the nucleus must make a copy of its chromatin. This ensures there is two complete sets of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA.) This step is known as replication. When this stage occours, chromatin cannot be seen with a light microscope. The replication chromatin coils up to form double stranded chromosome, which are joined in the middle by a centromere. After replication, two complete sets of DNA are bundled up together as double stranded chromosomes. The nucleus, or "brain", of the cell is finally ready for mitosis to begin.
Cytokinesis comes after Mitosis.
Near the end of interphase, the chromosomes double. Now the process of mitosis can begin. The phases, in order, that follow are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis. During cytokinesis, the cytoplasm divides and the resulting daughter cells each return to interphase where they spend most of their existence carrying out life processes. At some later point, the cell membrane is unable to handle the flow of materials into and out of the cell. The chromosomes double and mitosis occurs again.
Chromosomes can be seen during cell divison, Reference Before a cell gets ready to divide by mitosis, each chromosome is duplicated (during S phase of the cell cycle
When the cell prepares for mitosis, takes inventory and makes sure it is ready to continue with mitosis
When the cell prepares for mitosis, takes inventory and makes sure it is ready to continue with mitosis
When the cell prepares for mitosis, takes inventory and makes sure it is ready to continue with mitosis
in mitosis (specifically Prophase) the chromosomes are dense and therefore visible for a karyotype. during interphase they do not have to be ready to be pulled apart so they are not wound tightly.
DNA replication occurs during the synthesis (S) phase of mitosis with the use of different replicating factors such as DNA Helicase. It starts the replication by "unzipping" and separating the two helices of DNA (DNA is made up of a double helix, like a twisted ladder). Each strand is duplicated individually with the use of DNA Polymerase. This is called semi-conservative replication because the new DNA created is one strand half old, and one strand half new. It adds nucleotides across from the old strand, matching A-T, and G-C. By the end of the S phase, the cell is getting ready to divide completely (mitosis or meiosis). Mitosis results in exact duplicates whereas crossing over, a.k.a. synapsis, occurs during Prophase 1, or diplotene, in the meiotic process. A more detailed description is best found in a Molecular Biology textbook or a Cell Biology textbook.
G1 phase-the cell grows and begins replication process S phase- DNA process and replication begins. The cell has transferred all DNA to the cell being made. It makes an exact copy. G2 Phase-more growth takes place M phase (mitosis)-the chromatids line up and are ready to spilt into to daughter cells.
mitosis
Mitosis?