Positive reinforcement: A child receives a 'golden star' at school for behaving well.
Negative reinforcement: A child does his or her homework to stop her parents from nagging.
Punishment: Grounding a child for behaving inappropriately.
An example of classical conditioning would be a child fearing the dentist. One time the dentist hurt them, and now the sound of the dentist's drill instills fear. The unconditioned stimulus was the dental procedure and the unconditioned response was pain, the conditioned stimulus is the sound of the drill and the conditioned response is fear.
An example of operant conditioning in that same child would be enthusiasm to work well in school. Every time they do good work, they get a gold star. This reinforces the behaviour and conditions them to want to do more good work in the future.
voluntary - operant involuntary (reflexive) - classical
Associative Learning :)
There is no "fear conditioning"; rather, fear can become a conditioned response via Classical conditioning (Pavlov) or Operant Conditioning (B.F. Skinner).
Classical conditioning involves associative learning so prejudice can develop from observing prejudicial judgments. Operant conditioning involves neural responses so individuals start to form opinions about groups based on their observations.
In general terms, conditioning is basically training a person or animal to act a certain way in response to a specific event or item. There are two forms of conditioning, classical and operant. In classical conditioning, events are linked to specific behaviors. For example, when you hear a bell in school, you realize that you are late. In operant conditioning, one is trained with rewards and punishment. For example, you try not to be late to your next class because you know you could get a detention.
voluntary - operant involuntary (reflexive) - classical
Yes! phobias are developed through classical conditioning and addictions through operant conditioning.
Classical Operant Air
Associative Learning :)
Classical conditioning is best known by Pavlov's dogs. This type of conditioning takes a neutral stimulus and makes a person or animal respond to it. Operant conditioning uses punishment to get a behavior to stop.
Wendon W. Henton has written: 'Classical conditioning and operant conditioning' -- subject(s): Conditioned response, Operant conditioning
These terms apply to classical conditioning but not to operant conditioning
I believe it is Pavlov ^^ Close, but Pavlov is better associated with classical conditioning while I believe B.F. Skinner is most associated with operant conditioning.
There is no "fear conditioning"; rather, fear can become a conditioned response via Classical conditioning (Pavlov) or Operant Conditioning (B.F. Skinner).
Probably because it was the first kind of conditioning to be demonstrated and studied. See Pavlov As eluded to above, classical conditioning is called such because it was the first kind of conditioning to be studied and demonstrated. However, the term "classical" also is used to differentiate this type of conditioning from "Operant Conditioning" which was first demonstrated by B.F. Skinner.
I think... With classical conditioning, the conditional stimulus is presented before the unconditional stimulus to form a conditioned response. For example, training a dog to return when a whistle is blown. With operant conditioning, reinforcement is presented after the response. For example, rewards (positive reinforcement) are given for good behaviour. Punishment (negative reinforcement) for bad. Hope this helps... Classical conditioning was discovered accidentally by Pavlov.
Operant coniditioning is shown throughout the entire Bible. Operant conditioning is where we learn to associate actions with consequences. I have an assignment this week in my class that asks this question and I have a few examples I am debating about using. Jonah is one character who received a punishments for his actions and because of his punishments he decided to change his behavior. Adam and Eve is another example of operant conditioning. If you just look in the Bible a little and understand operant conditioning, you will see a lot of examples.