How is ice formed?

Answer 1

Glacier is formed when the snow falls long time on the same spot; it's than compressed and creates a thick layer of snow. Years by years more snow falls, after the snow becomes thick enough it creates ice.

Answer 2

This can not be answered properly in this space, but most IC's start as a thin plate of pure silicon and either group 3 or group 5 elements are infused into the silicon to give it semiconductor properties.