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Arius was a priest in Alexandria. At first, the Patriarch of Alexandria Alexander was so tolerant of the errors of Arius that the clergy nearly revolted. However, an Alexandrian synod of some 100 bishops condemned him in 321. He was excommunicated and fled to Palestine. The arguments between Arius and Patriarch Alexander continued in the form of letters and became a powerful force within the Roman Empire, such that the emperor Constantine could no longer ignore it. To settle the arguments he called a council with delegates drawn from all the empire. The purpose of this, the First Council of Nicaea, was to determine as far as possible what had been taught from the beginning. The Council met in Nicaea, near Constantinople in 325. Here the confession of faith presented by Arius was cut to pieces. Then, under the guidance of Constantine, the Council developed a creed, the Nicaean Creed for use in catechetical instruction and at baptisms, that rendered Arius' language heretical. In 321, Arius was denounced by a synod at Alexandria for teaching a heterodox view of the relationship of Jesus to God the Father.

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Followers of Arius in the early Christian Church claimed that Jesus and God the Father were not always contemporary, seeing the Son as a divine being created by the Father (and consequently inferior to Him). This is a different concept to Docetism, which said that Jesus only appeared to be a man. The First Council of Nicaea in 325 CE condemned Arianism and declared it heretical. Emperor Constantine's son, Constantius, was keen for the Church to accept the Arian creed and at Councils in Arles in 353 and Milan in 355, pressured the bishops to adopt a formula that the Son was unlike the Father. This was called Dissimilarian and was opposed by a majority of Greek bishops, who held that Jesus and God were of like essence, a description that was adopted at a synod in 358. A council of East and West in 359 declared Christ to be simply 'like' the Father, a major victory for the Arians. Finally, the Council of Constantinople in 381 acknowledged the position taken at Nicaea, that the Father and Son were of identical substance. However, Arianism continued among the Goths.

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Q: How did the Church answer Arius's claim that Son of God was not God but rather a created being with a definite origin in time?
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