How are fungi able to survive harsh environments?

Answer 1

Unlike plants, which are self-feeding, fungi cannot create their own food like plants do through the sun. They need to get their energy off other life. Whether it be living off dead plants and other fungi as a saprobe, or living off live plants and fungi as a parasite, often killing them, or even making relationships with higher plants and trees, connecting their mycelium (the fungus' roots) with the trees roots and sharing nutrients evenly and living as a mycorrhizical fungus.

In fact, many trees and plants cannot survive in the wild without mycorrhizical fungi. The fungi can also make relationships with many trees- creating a network between the trees' roots. Think of houses that we live in as the trees, and the power cords to the power lines connected to many other houses as the fungus. This is how it works in nature, and trees can even exchange their nutrients to other trees through the roots of the fungi, with the fungus getting a bit of the nutrients too. So basically the trees live as a family.

Fungi which live off dead matter are very important. Without them forests would become choked with logs, sticks, etc. and they would never become soil again to be used by other plants, so when the plants use up all the soil, how can more be made?

While fungi that live off live trees and plants may seem bad, it is just controllling the natural ecosystem- Controlling the amount of trees to make sure everything stays incontrol, so forests don't become choked with trees fighting for the soil, which will all be used up before the fungi that live on dead matter have decomposed it.

In a sense, it is all a chain that must stay linked to keep going round and round!

It uses it's enzymes to break down the starch, which is what fungi needs to survive.

Answer 2

Some special features that fungi have to help them survive include their very small size and their tough outer surface that is able to resist extreme moisture and exposure to UV light. The fungi also reproduce both sexually and asexually.

Answer 3

Before the introduction of molecular methods for phylogenetic analysis, taxonomists considered fungi to be members of the Plant Kingdombecause of similarities in lifestyle: both fungi and plants are mainly immobile, and have similarities in general morphology and growth habitat. Like plants, fungi often grow in soil, and in the case of mushrooms form conspicuous fruiting bodies, which sometimes bear resemblance to plants such as mosses. The fungi are now considered a separate kingdom, distinct from both plants and animals, from which they appear to have diverged around one billion years ago.[10][11] Some morphological, biochemical, and genetic features are shared with other organisms, while others are unique to the fungi, clearly separating them from the other kingdoms:

Shared features:

• With other eukaryotes: Like other eukaryotes, fungal cells contain membrane-bound nuclei with chromosomes that contain DNA with noncoding regions called introns and coding regions called exons. In addition, fungi possess membrane-bound cytoplasmic organelles such as mitochondria, sterol-containing membranes, and ribosomes of the 80S type.[12] They have a characteristic range of soluble carbohydrates and storage compounds, including sugar alcohols(e.g., mannitol), disaccharides, (e.g., trehalose), and polysaccharides (e.g., glycogen, which is also found in animals[13]).
• With animals: Fungi lack chloroplasts and are heterotrophic organisms and so require preformed organic compounds as energy sources.[14]
• With plants: Fungi possess a cell wall[15] and vacuoles.[16] They reproduce by both sexual and asexual means, and like basal plant groups (such as ferns and mosses) produce spores. Similar to mosses and algae, fungi typically have haploidnuclei.[17]
• With euglenoidsand bacteria: Higher fungi, euglenoids, and some bacteria produce the amino acid L-lysine in specific biosynthesis steps, called the α-aminoadipate pathway.[18][19]
• The cells of most fungi grow as tubular, elongated, and thread-like (filamentous) structures and are called hyphae, which may contain multiple nuclei and extend at their tips. Each tip contains a set of aggregated vesicles-cellular structures consisting of proteins, lipids, and other organic molecules-called Spitzenkörper.[20] Both fungi and oomycetes grow as filamentous hyphal cells.[21] In contrast, similar-looking organisms, such as filamentous green algae, grow by repeated cell division within a chain of cells.[13]
• In common with some plant and animal species, more than 60 fungal species display the phenomenon of bioluminescence.[22]

  Unique features:

  • Some species grow as single-celled yeasts that reproduce by budding or binary fission. Dimorphic fungi can switch between a yeast phase and a hyphal phase in response to environmental conditions.[23]
  • The fungal cell wall is composed of glucans and chitin; while the former compounds are also found in plants and the latter in the exoskeleton of arthropods,[24][25] fungi are the only organisms that combine these two structural molecules in their cell wall. Unlike cell walls in plants and the oomycetes, those in fungi do not contain cellulose.[26]

  Omphalotus nidiformis, a bioluminescent mushroom

  Most fungi lack an efficient system for long-distance transport of water and nutrients, such as the xylem and phloem in many plants. To overcome these limitations, some fungi, such as Armillaria, form rhizomorphs,[27] that resemble and perform functions similar to the roots of plants. Another characteristic shared with plants is a biosynthetic pathwayfor producing terpenes that uses mevalonic acid and pyrophosphate as chemical building blocks.[28] However, plants have an additional terpene pathway in their chloroplasts, a structure fungi do not possess.[29] Fungi produce several secondary metabolites that are similar or identical in structure to those made by plants.[28] Many of the plant and fungal enzymes that make these compounds differ from each other in sequence and other characteristics, which indicates separate origins and evolution of these enzymes in the fungi and plants.[28][30]

Answer 4

Some Fungi Can Survive Times When The Weather Turns Hot And Dry

Answer 5

It uses it's enzymes to break down the starch, which is what fungi needs to survive. with all this fungi can survive

Answer 6

The same as you and I: water, food, and an electron acceptor (usually oxygen but not always).

Answer 7

It is able to survive by killing plants

Answer 8

it farts ALL the time

Answer 9

nobody cares

Answer 10

Fungi is a type of rock and needs water and sunlight to survive. imagine it like this, A regular rock that just needs sunlight and water to survive. Now that's a real pet rock!