If it was not protected by copyright when it was created, and not published with notice before 1 March 1989, it is in the public domain and cannot be protected.
Owning an image or the copyright to an image are the same thing. When you hold the copyright to an image it is yours to do with whatever you will, and you can decide who has permission to use it or not. There is no difference.
Copyright is automatic, so it will be the date the image was created.
If you wish to reuse a copyright-protected image, you need permission from the copyright holder or an exemption in the law.
The image is still owned by and under copyright by the original creator of the photographer who created the ORIGINAL image. Taking a photo of someone else's photo does not transfer the copyright to you (the iPhone owner).
With permission from the copyright holder, yes.
Copywriting an image has to be done with the copyright office of your country. If you have uploaded the image to Facebook or other social media sites, you may not be able to copyright it.
The images in Monopoly are copyright, which means you will need legal permission from the games copyright holders to publish the image.
No, because there's nothing to steal. Using an image without permission or an exemption in the law is copyright infringement.
Yes There Is!
Yes, unless you own the copyright to the image, or have authorization from the copyright holder.
This site might help: http://webdesign.about.com/od/copyright/a/aa081700a.htm
The creator of the image, unless other arrangements were made. In UK there is a copyright law called "First players copyright" this essentially says if you created a unique piece of work (Picture, photo, book etc) then you own the copyright and you dont have to apply for that.