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How is a space rocket slowed down?

Updated: 8/10/2023
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15y ago

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Because there is no friction (to speak of) in space, once a spacecraft begins to move (by a rocket engine 'burn') it will continue to move at constant speed for ever, unless acted on by a force. Spacecraft can only be slowed down by further rocket burns in the opposite direction to which the craft is travelling. As an example, the Apollo missions used two systems to slow down. First, the craft possessed small rockets situated around the vehicle that, when switched on, could make the craft roll or even turn round 180 degrees gradually. If a craft had to slow down considerably, such as it did when it had to slow to achieve orbital speed round the moon, then the craft was turned round by the small rockets, so that the main rocket engine would be facing in the direction to which the craft was travelling. Then the second method would come into play. The rocket would burn for a pre-caculated time sufficient enough to make the vehicle slow down as the burn would be in the opposite direction to which the vehicle was moving. By adjusting the burn time, and trimming any motion using the small rockets, the craft could be positioned at the right orientation and speed.

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15y ago
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15y ago

They slow down by firing their engines retrograde(opposite to direction of movement).

If the orbit isn't particularly high above atmosphere, it is also possible to slow down due to friction.

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13y ago

Rockets accelerate because of the material expelled from the thrusters. The force applied is equal to u*v, whereas u is the amount of material expelled per second (kg/s), and v is the velocity of this material (m/s). This force accelerates the rocket.

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13y ago

Just as they have thrusters in the the direction they want to go, spaceships also have thrusters for slowing down (in opposite direction of course) and thrusters to spin the craft in various directions to control its next vectored thrust.

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13y ago

By forcing out gas in the opposite direction at high speed. Every action having an equal and opposite reaction.

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15y ago

reverce thrusters

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Q: How is a space rocket slowed down?
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