For 8-10 years if it is unpalatable because of excessive tannin or other problems. Otherwise, it should be ready for consumption when purchased.
Minutes, probably. Red wine should not be left unopened. The wine continues to oxydize. It should be sealed if not finished.
Yes, it will be better actually, wine matures with age, as long as it has not been stored in a warm place it should taste better.
No, Shiraz is a red wine, and you should not refrigerate any red wine.
A hearty dish is usually served with a red wine, and the heartier the dish, the heartier should be the wine.
For White wine normally right before the next harvest as a winery will need the room. Depending on the type of red wine and how long the wine maker wants to age the wine 1 to 3 years after production.
Good red wine should be clear.
Yes you can, as long as it was not opened, and wine is not dated.
Yes, tannins provide flavor and long life to a wine.
No, red wine vinegar does not have to be refrigerated. It will spoil over a very long time, but that is not related to the storage temperature, rather to its exposure to air.
Until it evaporates
For storing red wine, the optimal temperature is 50 to 55 degrees Fahrenheit - not room temperature. So you should store your red wine varieties in a wine cellar or wine refrigerator at that temperature. What is most important is the temperature that the red wine is stored at. Red Wine should be stored at 50-55ºF so it can be stored in a wine rack located in an area kept at this temperature or a wine cellar/cooler or wine refrigerator kept at this temperature.
In general, red wines are served at room temperature. However, people should consume wine at the temperature they prefer.