Each "fair use" is established on a case by case basis. There is no predetermined amount of copyrighted material that can be used.
US Copyright Law sets out criteria that has to be considered before something can be judged to be "fair use"
# The purpose and character of the use, including whether such use is of commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes # The nature of the copyrighted work # The amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole # The effect of the use upon the potential market for, or value of, the copyrighted work
"Fair use/fair dealing" is an exception in copyright which allow you to use a portion of copyrighted material, without permission, for various reasons.
The four primary factors you need to consider to qualify a "fair use" are...
the purpose and character of the use, including whether such use is of a commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes;
the nature of the copyrighted work;
the amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole; and
the effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work.
There is no set amount. It must be judged on a case by case basis.
This is from the US Copyright Office FAQ
How much of someone else's work can I use without getting permission?
Under the fair use doctrine of the U.S. copyright statute, it is permissible to use limited portions of a work including quotes, for purposes such as commentary, criticism, news reporting, and scholarly reports. There are no legal rules permitting the use of a specific number of words, a certain number of musical notes, or percentage of a work. Whether a particular use qualifies as fair use depends on all the circumstances.
There is no clear answer in the law to this question; it is only determined in federal court as a defense to a claim of infringement. Section 107, the Fair Use clause, gives the four factors which are considered to determine whether a use was fair:
Unfortunately there is no clear answer to that. The best guideline is to use as little as possible to achieve the intended purpose, and to ensure there is something transformative in your use (i.e., using something designed for entertainment and making it into something educational).
Unless if your planned useage falls under the "fair use" or other copyright exception... none
There are no clear rules in the law; the clip must be "appropriate in kind and amount" for the particular use.
There are no clear rules in the law; the clip must be "appropriate in kind and amount" for the particular use.
You may use copyright protected material when you are the copyright holder, or when you have permission from the rightsholder or an exemption in the law. The most notable exemption is fair use or fair dealing, which allows certain limited unlicensed uses in situations such as education and commentary.
Infringement is the use, without permission, of copyrighted material that does not fall under a "fair use" or other exception to copyright law,
Unless it would fall under "fair use" no it is not "okay" to use copyrighted material without permission
If there is no "fair use" exception the only way to legally use copyrighted material is to obtain permision from the rights holder.
There is no set limit of copyrighted material that you can use. Fair use is determined on a case by case basis.
In all likelihood no.Ostensibly your portfolio is designed to generate revenue for you. This would be a commercial use of the copyrighted material and would probably disqualify it as "fair use"
Fair use or fair dealing clauses in copyright laws allow certain limited unlicensed uses, for purposes such as education and critique.
No, you cannot legally copy a small portion of copyrighted material for commercial use without obtaining proper permission or a license from the copyright holder. Copyright law protects the exclusive rights of the copyright owner and using someone else's work without permission can result in legal consequences for copyright infringement.
For certain limited uses covered by fair use or fair dealing, no permission is required; otherwise, you can legally make copies if you have permisison from the copyright holder. Unfortunately there is never a straight answer on what uses are fair; fairness is only decided in court.
In the US, section 107 of the law allows certain limited unlicensed uses; it has a longer name, but is usually referred to as "fair use."
Many educational publications specifically license classroom use. Limited photocopying and other unlicensed uses are often covered by the fair use defense. There is an excellent discussion of copyright for educators at the link below.
Fair use