It depends on the location. The National Weather Service (NOAA Technical Report NWS 33) has data from all over the U.S. on pan evaporation and free water surface evaporation. The Western Regional Climate Center has data on the Western states. Take the evaporation number for your area in feet and mulltiply by the surface area in square feet to get a volume in cubic feet. Multiplying this number by 7.48 to get the approximate evaporation in gallons. This volume is based on the time period of the data retrieved from the aforementioned sources. Evaporation is dependent on wheter your pond is surrounded by trees, shaded part of the day, operating temperatire, etc. If you are providing make-up water, a conservative worst case scenario should be used to effectively keep the pond, pool, or lake full.
It depends on the fountain!
28%
1 ounce
This depends on many factors.
about 20,840 gallons a day
Water evaporates at a MUCH lower temperature than salt.
This depends on many factors.
This depends on many factors.
Vapors are contain practically pure water.
The water heat of vaporization is 40,65 kJ/mol.
nearly none but most of the water might freeze.
It depends on the size of the fountain. You have to calculate the height, depth, and width to figure out how much space is needed.