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The formed from the remains of dead vegetation and marine organisms that lived approximately 500 million years ago. It takes many thousands of years before any fossil fuels form.

The process:

1) First, the remains are changed into peat by decomposition and pressure.

2) Second, the peat is buried by sediment, so that pressure and heat is applied. This turns it to coal.

3) Last the pressure pushes water out of the coal, creating many different compounds called hydrocarbons. Gases are also produced, one of which is methane, the major constituent of natural gas.

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Q: How were petroleum and natural gas formed?
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