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Blood specimens for drug monitoring can be taken at two different times, called peak and trough levels. Blood for peak level is collected at the drug's highest therapeutic concentration within the dosing period. For drugs given intravenously, the peak level is drawn 30 minutes after completion of the dose. For drugs given orally, this time varies with the drug because it is dependent upon the rates of absorption, distribution and elimination. For intravenous drugs, peak levels can be measured immediately following complete infusion. Trough levels (occasionally called residual levels) are measured just prior to administration of the next dose, and are the lowest concentration in the dosing interval. Too low a dose or too great a dose interval will produce a trough level that is below the therapeutic range, and too great a dose or too close a dose interval will show a peak level greater than the therapeutic range. Most therapeutic drugs have a narrow trough to peak difference, and therefore, only trough levels are needed to detect blood levels that are too low or too high. Peak levels are needed for some drugs, especially aminoglycoside antibiotics.
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When can blood samples be taken for drug therapy monitoring?
Blood specimens for drug monitoring can be taken at two different times: during the drug's highest therapeutic concentration ("peak" level), or its lowest ("trough" level).
What is methadone peak and trough?
Measures the amount of methadone in your system an hour after the last dose and before the next dose. To see if the drug is at a therapeutic level
What is Peak and Trough in relation to Antibiotic Therapy?
Peak and trough are methods used to establish the effectiveness of a drug. Peak is drawing the serum blood levels after the drug is administered as it distributes rapidly and reaches its peak in therapeutic range. Trough is drawing the serum blood levels right before the next dose. Trough is the lowest drug level that is needed to reach therapeutic range. If trough is > than normal, the patient is at risk for adverse effects. Therefore, the doctor should expand the time interval before ordering the next dose or decrease drug dose. In general, a trough is usually drawn one hour prior to start infusion and the peak about one hour after the infusion finished. The are times when the physician orders the trough drawn immediately prior to an infusion (ie Vancomycin).
What can drug therapy monitoring confirm?
confirm a blood drug concentration level that is above or below the therapeutic range, or if the desired therapeutic effect of the drug is not as expected.
When to draw serum trough and serum peak drug levels?
Trough levels should be drawn immediately prior to a dose and should not be drawn before steady state conditions are acheived. Peak levels should be drawn at least 60 minutes after the end of the infusion. If it is administered via a peripheral site, the serum level should be drawn from the opposite extermity. and the IV should be flushed.
What is therapeutic dose?
The dose of a drug needed to produce a desired result.
What is meant by therapeutic study of drug?
Therapeutic study of a drug is scientific research to find out if the medication can be used to treat disease.
What is the definition of supratherapeutic?
Supratherapeutic means having a drug level in the body that is higher than the recommended or therapeutic range, which can increase the risk of adverse effects or toxicity.
What are the 7 therapeutic uses for drug?
in pharmacology the seven therapeutic uses of drugs
What is therapeutic effect of a drug?
The therapeutic effect is otherwise known as the "desired effect". The effect we want the drug to do. In contrast to Adverse or undesired effect.
What is the purpose of a therapeutic drug?
The purpose of a therapeutic drug is to treat, manage, or cure a medical condition, illness, or disease. These drugs are designed to alleviate symptoms, improve quality of life, or restore normal bodily function in patients.
What does it mean by non-therapeutic Effects of Drug?
Non-therapeutic drug effects are those that don't treat the target condition. For instance, the stomach cramping caused by erythromycin is a non-therapeutic effect when erythromycin is used for infection; interestingly, it may be a therapeutic effect if erythromycin is used for gastroparesis.
