Amino acids and proteins
Amino Acids and Proteins
There are actually 20 different amino acids, each one distinct in an R-group side chain. Did you mean what are the four parts of amino acids called? Because if so, they would be an amine (N) terminus (The NH2), carboxyl (C) terminus (The COOH), an H group of just a hydrogen atom, and an R group which is unique for each amino acid and identifies it from other amino acids. These four groups are bound to a central carbon atom. H O H\ / // N--C---C H/ \ \ R OH
There are two structures for this. The structure of Glycine is a central C with 4 branches, each (COOH), (H), (H) and (NH2). The structure of Phenylalanine is a central C with 4 branches, each (COOH), (H), (NH2) and (CH2benzene). A peptide bond joins any two amino acids (including these ones) by the COOH group of one AA to the NH2 of the other AA, so you can see that there are two variations. benzene-CH2-C(H)(NH2)-C(=O)-NH-C(H)(H)-C(=O)(OH) or benzene-CH2-C(H)(COOH)-NH-C(=O)-C(NH2)(H)(H)
The main identifying factor is The Peptide Bond. In this Bond the -C-C-C-C- chain is interrupted by Nitrogen as in -C-C-N-C-C-N-C-C-N-C. All amino acids have the same 3 components: from the C-terminal end, there is an acid group (-COOH) that is bonded to the next C in the chain that is bonded to one H and one -R group [that will determine the kind of amino acid], that is followed by a NH2- that conjoins with the acid of the NEXT AMINO ACID. The basic structure looks something like this: H H O N C C OH H R You may also see it like this H H O H N C C H R O This is just showing the protonated version.
Amino acids and proteins
Amino Acids and Proteins
Proteins: They were made up of amino acids which is composed of Carboxylic group and an amino group.
H2N-CHR-COOH Structure: H H O | | N - C - C | | | H R OH
Amino acids ARE monomers- of Proteins: a polymer. Elements C,H,O,N and sometimes s and p make it up..
Amino group(NH2), Carboxyl group(CO2), and the side chain, represented by 'R' H .....H ....O ..\ ....| ...// ...N--C--C ../.... | ...\ H..... R ....O-
Amino group(NH2), Carboxyl group(CO2), and the side chain, represented by 'R' H .....H ....O ..\ ....| ...// ...N--C--C ../.... | ...\ H..... R ....O-
Amino group(NH2), Carboxyl group(CO2), and the side chain, represented by 'R' H .....H ....O ..\ ....| ...// ...N--C--C ../.... | ...\ H..... R ....O-
Amino group(NH2), Carboxyl group(CO2), and the side chain, represented by 'R' H .....H ....O ..\ ....| ...// ...N--C--C ../.... | ...\ H..... R ....O-
Amino group(NH2), Carboxyl group(CO2), and the side chain, represented by 'R' H .....H ....O ..\ ....| ...// ...N--C--C ../.... | ...\ H..... R ....O-
There are actually 20 different amino acids, each one distinct in an R-group side chain. Did you mean what are the four parts of amino acids called? Because if so, they would be an amine (N) terminus (The NH2), carboxyl (C) terminus (The COOH), an H group of just a hydrogen atom, and an R group which is unique for each amino acid and identifies it from other amino acids. These four groups are bound to a central carbon atom. H O H\ / // N--C---C H/ \ \ R OH
Carbohydrates are molecules that contain C, H, O. Proteins normally contain chains of amino acids.