Hot water line. If you did hook it up to your cold water line make sure your dishwasher is set to heat the water (some models have a selectable setting for this.)
You can, but it would render the dishwasher useless for cleaning.
No, not all dishwashers are cold fill machines. Many older model dishwashers have a hot fill design. Only newer models are considered to be more advanced and have a cold fill design for energy efficiency.
Yes you often can. This topic has been written about here http://www.whitegoodshelp.co.uk/wordpress/can-you-connect-a-dishwasher-to-the-hot-water-supply/
Dishwasher line is hot water. Tie ice maker into 1/2 inch cold line going to kitchen sink.
hot filled dishwasher
Run a new cold supply line from the source. This will drain less pressure from the the cold shower line.
Make sure hot and cold supply go to hot and cold on washing machine regardless of what is marked on hose. Hoses are marked so hot and cold don't get mixed up, that's all.
There may not be one. You may have to shut the water off where it comes into the house or at the water heater. If there is one under the sink, it should be fairly obvious. Follow the supply line from the faucet.
Yes because your dishwasher is connected under your kitchen sink in most cases. You also need a 2" drain line and trap and 1/2 cold/hot water lines.
It is where the supply line is attached to a water line. May be under the kitchen sink or in the basement under the refrigerator in the closest supply line. Should be a hot water line. Hot water because most of the minerals stay in the water heater and the water in the supply line will be cold from sitting. Someone may have put a shutoff at the floor behind the refrigerator, but I doubt it.
Usually the dishwasher is located near a sink. If you run the hot water at the sink, that will flush the cold water from the hot water line, so the dishwasher will end up getting more hot water during its fill, and allowing the water to reach higher temperatures. Use the "Heated Wash" option to ensure maximum temperature increase. Dishwasher detergent works best around 145 degrees, so the hotter the water going in, the better it will clean.
Cold