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An action potential travels down the neuron and reaches the presynaptic knob.
This causes the Calcium ion channels to open and allow an influx of calcium into the knob.
The increased concentration of calcium causes the secretory vesicles within the knob to bind to the outer membrane and release their neurotransmitter (e.g. ACh) into the synaptic cleft.
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When two or more presynaptic neurons synapse with a single postsynaptic neuron in the CNS what pathway is formed?
Divergent
Where is neurotransmitter stored?
Neurotransmitters are stored in synaptic vesicles in the terminal bouton of pre-synaptic axons. They are released from the terminal bouton into the synaptic cleft and the neurotransmitters exert their action on the post-synaptic neurons.
What is the function of a presynaptic terminal?
It stores neurotransmitters and release its content across synaptic cleft
What is the junction called between 2 communicating neurons?
The connection between two neurons is not a true connection but a gap junction that is used by neurotransmitters between them.
What chemicals are released from the synaptic knob?
Neurotransmitter are means by which neurons communicate with one another. There are more than 30 compounds known to be neurotransmitters, and dozens of others are thought to be so.
How do Presynaptic neurons release neurotransmitters?
They don't, the neurotransmitters stay on either side of the synapse. Neurotransmitters are released when the synaptic vesicles fuse with the presynaptic neuron's membrane, so as to release them into the synaptic cleft.
Do neurons or neuroglia release neurotransmitters?
No
What is the presynaptic neuron release neurotransmitters in response to an influx of?
Sodium ions
What is the difference between presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons?
Presynaptic neurons release the neurotransmitter in response to an action potential. Postsynaptic neurons receive the neurotransmitter (and can however become presynaptic to the next nerve cell, if the neurotransmitter has stimulated the cell enough).
Which structure in the body releases neurotransmitters?
Neurons release neurotransmitters.
Explain what happens to neurotransmitters after they are released?
After neurotransmitters are released in to the synaptic cleft - from the presynaptic neuron, they bind with there specific receptor cites found on the postsynaptic neurons cell membrane. Some neurotransmitters then become inactive by enzymes whiles other simply drift away from the synaptic cleft. Reuptake can also occur where the presynaptic neuron sponges up (or takes back) the remaining neurotransmitters left behind.
What are the two neurotransmitters that axon terminals of autonomic neurons release?
Nonepinephrine and acetylcholine
These lipid molecules may function as retrograde neurotransmitters and allow the postsynaptic neuron to decrease release of neurotransmitter from the presynaptic neuron?
endocannabinoids
What part of the neuron releases the neurons?
The axon terminals release chemical messengers called neurotransmitters.
What are neurons that serve as links?
neurotransmitters?
Where are the receptors for neurotransmitters located?
Receptors for the various neurotransmitters are located on both the presynaptic and postsynaptic nerve terminals of the neuron.
Cocaine stimulates the synapses of specific neurons that release dopamine and other monoamines by?
blocking the dopamine or monoamine reuptake into the presynaptic axon ending
