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The one and only macroscopic thermodynamic property that the internal energy of an ideal gas depends on is its temperature.

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14y ago

internal energy of an ideal gas is a function of its temprature only, according to joule's law

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What happens to the internal energy of an ideal gas when it is heated from 0C to 4C?

it increases


Why is the internal energy of an ideal gas is proportional to its temperature?

To prove this, we will have to use 3 equations, 2 of them related to ideal gases: (i) pV = nRT (ii) p = 1/3 d <c2> (iii) Ek = 1/2 mv2 First of all, an ideal gas has no intermolecular forces. Thus, its molecules have no potential energy. The internal energy of any system can be defined as the sum of the randomly distributed microscopic potential energy and kinetic energy of the molecules of the system. It is thus evidently clear that the internal energy of an ideal gas is entirely kinetic. (Ep being zero) So, U = 1/2 m <c2> (for an ideal gas) From (i) and (ii), <c2> = 3p/d = 3pV/m = 3nRT/m (d= m/V) Substituting in the appropriate equation, we get: U = 1/2 m (3nRT/m) U = 3/2 nRT From the above equation, it can be concluded that for a fixed mass of an ideal gas, internal energy is proportional to the thermodynamic temperature. (fixed mass such that n is constant)


In Adiabatic process how the ideal gases increases it's internal energy?

The first law of thermodynamics states that: DU = DQ + DW where DU is the increase in the internal energy of the gas DQ is the heat supplied to the system and DW is the work done ON the system For an adiabatic process, DQ = 0 Therefore, DU = DW It can be thus easily seen that for the internal to increase (DU +ve), DW must be positive, that is work has to be done on the system (in this case the ideal gas). Hence, the gas should be compressed.


What is the mathematical equation for calculating the internal energy of a diatomic gas?

6


Why does temperature of gas drops in an adiabatic process?

because in adiabatic process heat absorbed is zero. and the work is done by internal energy. so internal energy decreases.we know that temperature is directly related with internal energy

Related questions

Which law states that internal energy is function of Temperature?

The internal energy of the ideal gas is a function of temperature alone. This isJoule's Law.


What happens to the internal energy of an ideal gas when it is heated from 0C to 4C?

it increases


Why is the internal energy of an ideal gas is proportional to its temperature?

To prove this, we will have to use 3 equations, 2 of them related to ideal gases: (i) pV = nRT (ii) p = 1/3 d <c2> (iii) Ek = 1/2 mv2 First of all, an ideal gas has no intermolecular forces. Thus, its molecules have no potential energy. The internal energy of any system can be defined as the sum of the randomly distributed microscopic potential energy and kinetic energy of the molecules of the system. It is thus evidently clear that the internal energy of an ideal gas is entirely kinetic. (Ep being zero) So, U = 1/2 m <c2> (for an ideal gas) From (i) and (ii), <c2> = 3p/d = 3pV/m = 3nRT/m (d= m/V) Substituting in the appropriate equation, we get: U = 1/2 m (3nRT/m) U = 3/2 nRT From the above equation, it can be concluded that for a fixed mass of an ideal gas, internal energy is proportional to the thermodynamic temperature. (fixed mass such that n is constant)


What is retained by gas particles involved in elastic collisions?

Ideal Gas.


In Adiabatic process how the ideal gases increases it's internal energy?

The first law of thermodynamics states that: DU = DQ + DW where DU is the increase in the internal energy of the gas DQ is the heat supplied to the system and DW is the work done ON the system For an adiabatic process, DQ = 0 Therefore, DU = DW It can be thus easily seen that for the internal to increase (DU +ve), DW must be positive, that is work has to be done on the system (in this case the ideal gas). Hence, the gas should be compressed.


When you boil a liquid and it turns into an ideal gas where does the energy go because the temperature remains constant so kinetic energy is the same and ideal gases don't have potential energy?

It turns into latent heat - the latent heat of evaporation. This energy is recovered when the gas condenses back into a liquid.


Why does the internal energy of a gas increase when it is compressed with no heat transfer between it and surroundings without making reference to the first law of thermodynamics?

Try this for a short, simple, beautiful, and correct answer: The internal energy increases because in order to compress the gas, you had to squeeze it, i.e. you had to apply force to the boundary of the container and force the gas to become smaller. Since you applied force and moved it through a distance, work (energy) was done. That energy was added to the internal energy of the gas. Since the gas isn't in motion ... at least macroscopically ... the increase in internal energy shows up as an increase in temperature.


What is the mathematical equation for calculating the internal energy of a diatomic gas?

6


Why does temperature of gas drops in an adiabatic process?

because in adiabatic process heat absorbed is zero. and the work is done by internal energy. so internal energy decreases.we know that temperature is directly related with internal energy


How much gas is in a balloon?

This depends on the geometry of the balloon and the internal pressure.


Why you not encounter the gravitational potential energy for the internal energy of the gas?

Potential energy and internal energy are different things and unrelated - except when a process converts one to the other. In most processes involving gases, the density of the gas is so low that changes in potential energy (which depend on total mass times change in height) are not significant in comparison to changes in the internal energy, so we neglect it in out calculations.


Why Cp is greater Cv?

Because Cp has two functions:- 1-To change the internal energy dU. 2-To do work dW in expanding the gas. Where as Cv has only one function of changing the internal energy of the gas..by awais