They may be called priests. See related question below.
theocracy-a government controlled by religious leaders
the system of electing religious leaders to office is called a
It is called a theocracy.
a pope or priest is a religious leader
These religious leaders were called the Kohanim or High Priests. In terms of regional and religious politics, they were called the Sadducees. Opposing them were the Pharisees or populist Jewish leaders that would eventually become the Rabbinate.
Mesopotamia's leaders had to have a strong religious background because the people of the area used religion as an explanation for almost everything. They had to be brave and in most cases, wealthy to rule.
THEOCRACY
Rabbis.
elders
Gilgamesh of Uruk
The religious leaders of Jews are called Rabbis.
A priest were the leaders during peacetime, but when there was were, a powerful warrior became leader