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Synchronous AC motors run at a speed fixed by the input line frequency. Typically 60 Hz in the USA. Run a clock with the sync motor from the USA in England and it runs slow because they use 50Hz.

Asynchronous motors run at whatever free-run speed they feel like, and slow under load. A DC wound hand-drill is such a motor, runs pretty fast till you start drilling, then it slows down.

A synchronous motor will develop maximum power at its' designed speed, try to slow it down and it puts out more torque. Slow it down by overload, it doesn't create more power, it just creates more heat.

An Async motor creates highest torque at stall speed, least torque as it approaches maximum speed.

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Q: What are the differences between synchronous and asynchronous?
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