A grating or a prism
Its either a spectograph or a telescope.
That's a spectroscope, usually coupled to the business end of a telescope. The telescope is responsible for producing enough light from the star for the spectroscope to work with.
Different colors of light travel at slightly different speeds in the material of the prism. This causes a refraction that spreads apart the colors.
Newton Discovered that White light comprised of the entire spectrum of the visible wave length. When white light was shone through a triangular prism, it refracted the entire color spectrum.
An optical prism can be used to disperse light from the sun's spectrum into all of its constituent colors. It is the same concept that gives rise to the phenomenon of rainbows.
Breaking of white lights means dispersion of light in which the white light or the visible light splits into 7 colors. Many tools may be used to break up the white light but among them one of them is Prism. It can break up the white lights into 7 colors. Keep a white paper in front of the prism and the prism in the sun due to which the sunlight coming from the sun passes through the prism and the white breaks up into 7 colors due to change in velocity of the different invisible lights inside the white or the visible light. Other tools like plastic scale or ruler also can be used to break up the white light. Thank you
Rainbows occur when you see sunlight shining through a rainstorm. The curtain of raindrops act like millions of tiny prisms, which break light into it's component colors - a rainbow.
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To break something down into its component parts.
Yes they can, compounds can break down into their component elements under certain environmental temperatures.
Light refracts(bends) when it passes through to a different medium at an angle. White light is a mix of all the colours of the rainbow, and each colour has it's own refractive index, which means it bends to a greater or lesser degree compared to any other colour. Refracting white light refracts all the colours, but they all bend to different degrees, so they split up.
E=MC squared
That depends on the color. Some colors will break up into other colors. Some colors will not break up, and the ay of light will remain the same color.