How is the byzantine empire and the roman empire related?

Answer 1

The First Crusades

Beginning in the year 1095 there were eight major Crusades coupled with various smaller fights in between the larger Crusades. The era of the Crusades began in 1095 and lasted nearly 200 years, with multiple mass movements of armies from the monarchies of Europe into the "Holy Lands" of the Middle East. The bulk of these fights, and their main objective, involved taking Jerusalem, the holy city in the Middle East which holds importance to the Jewish, Christian, and Islamic religions. The idea of a "Crusade", or a holy conquest, revolved around this idea of capturing Jerusalem, and when this was no longer the focus of the western attacks the era of the Crusades came to a close in 1291.

The Crusades was revered in Europe as a holy attempt to "liberate" Jerusalem in the Holy Land. Middle Age Romantic poetry and story-telling reflected this focus, portraying the crusaders as defenders of their faith and protectors of all Christians. This focus of "defenders" was largely seen only in history, but in the last few hundred years the Crusades were seen more as an imperialistic move by the Europeans, which allowed then-contemporary European states (such as in the 20th century) to justify their imperial movements into Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. The expansion of nationalism in Europe was reflective of and extremely influenced by the Crusades that began in 1095, with an almost pan-European movement (though conflict in the 19th and 20th century in Europe continued) that transformed itself into imperialism.

Crusaders and Jihad

The idea of crusaders was not unique to the Christian believes in Europe. To the contrary, the idea of the "defenders" of a certain faith is almost transcendental of both countries and time periods and can be seen in religious warfare throughout history. The Christian nations of Europe had the idea of crusaders, and the equivalent in their enemies came in the form of the term "jihad," or an expansion of Islam both aggressively and non-aggressively against non-believers. The idea of "jihad" in Islam is not always clear-cut, and the similarities between Islam and Christianity blur the lines of "non-believers" for both Crusaders and those who carry out the Islamic jihad. The largest empire in Europe up until that point, the Roman Empire, now survived by the Byzantine Empire, had identified with a "just war," tying religious warfare to references from the Old Testament.

Western Europe, after the fall of the Roman Empire, the Byzantine Empire, and the Islamic people of the Middle East all had their roots in the Roman Empire. After Rome fell, its empire was split into two empires, creating Western Europe and the Byzantine Empire. In the Middle East, the Islamic civilization was much more successful than those of Europe, who were still recovering from the breakdown of the greatest empire Europe had seen. Despite its power, the Islamic world was in the midst of internal struggle that stemmed from who was the rightful heir to Muhammad, the prophet of Islam (a conflict that continues today in the tumultuous Middle East).

The Impact of the Roman Empire

At its height, the Roman Empire included much of the modern-day Middle East, which had many influences on it. Emperor Constantine had stated that the state religion of Rome was Christianity, which was a bold and important statement. Once Christianity became the state religion, there was no longer a difference between the secular power and the religious authority in Rome. After Rome's fall, Muslims in the Middle East continued this trend, and the teachings of Islam became ingrained in the secular authority in the Islamic world. The division of Muslims over the rightful heir to Islam was important for the Christian in the early Crusades, as the inability for the Islamic people to unite under one power prevented it front successfully repelling the Europeans.

The Western Roman Empire dissolved into a number of different entities, and this left Byzantium, or the Eastern Roman Empire, as the sole successor of the old Roman Empire. The capital of Byzantium was Constantinople, and in this one city the head of the Orthodox Christian faith as well as the emperor both lived, creating a close tie between the secular and religious leaders as in Rome. Byzantium largely recovered from the fall of the Roman Empire in 476 and was the most powerful state in Europe until it was defeated by Islamic forces in 1071. From here, Emperor Alexius I requested help from Western Europe to repel the Turkish invaders. From here the era of the Crusades began, pitting the attempt to get back Byzantium lands as well as "liberate" Jerusalem.

The Byzantine Empire and Western Europe

Western Europe was by far the weakest civilization between Byzantium and the Islamic world. Rome, the home of the Pope, continued to be the religious center of Europe, as it had been when the Roman Empire was still in existence. The biggest difference between Roman Empire-era Rome and the sovereign European-era Rome was just that: the monarchs in Europe were now sovereign, separating the secular and religious world in Europe. Despite this, the states of Europe pledged allegiance to the pope, those not forcibly compelled by Rome itself but instead by religious means. Rome, as it had during the Roman Empire, now became a unifying force for all of Europe, as it began its Crusade against the Islamic world, an era that would have long-lasting effects on all three civilizations that continue today.
What are five similarities of the islamic and roman empires

Answer 2

Not very much. The Byzantine empire was the contiunation of the Roman empire, but with the capital moved to Constantinople. The empire was officially christian and fought wars against Arabs and Muslims.

Answer 3

The Byzatnine Empire heavily influenced Russia starting around the 8th-9th centuries. Missionaries from Constantinople brought the Eastern Orthodox religion to the Slavic kingdoms as well as the Cyrillic Alphabet, a written script for the slavic language based on the Greek Alphabet. Many Russian princes, like Vladimir I, converted to Orthodox Christianity and modeled their political structure after Byzantine rule. Trade was also established between the regions. Eventually, Russia would inherit the Byzantine heritage and become the "Third Rome"

Answer 4

The Byzantine Empire was the Roman Empire. Byzantine Empire is a term which has been coined by historians to indicate the eastern part of the Roman Empire after the fall of the western part. The eastern part was not affected by the invasions which led to the fall of the western part and continued to exist for nearly 1,000 years. The so-called "Byzantines" did not use this term. They called their empire the Empire of the Romans or Romania or Rhomais in Latin or Basileia Rhōmaiōn or Rhomania in Greek. Romania was a short form for Roman Empire. It was not related to the country which was later called Romania. All the peoples who lived the Roman Empire saw themselves as Romans. They had been granted Roman citizenship by the emperor Caracalla in 215. .

The term Byzantine was chosen by a German historian in the 16th century as a derivation from Byzantium, a Greek city which had evolved into a Roman city under Roman rule and which was then redeveloped, turned into an imperial capital and renamed Constantinople (City of Constantine) by the Roman emperor Constantine the Great in 330. It is used to indicate the fact that not long after the fall of the western part of the Roman Empire, this part of the empire became centred on Greece and Greek in character after it lost most of its non-Greek territories. Greek replaced Latin as the official language of this empire in 620, some 150 years after the fall of the western part. Both the terms Byzantine and Byzantine Empire became common in Western Europe in the 19th century.