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In the lac operon model, lactose acts as in inducer molecule. In the presence of lactose, the molecule binds to the repressor protein. This repressor-lactose complex is unable to bind to the promoter.

When the promoter is not occupied, RNA pol - II binds to it and begins transcribing the structural genes located downstream. Thus, the lac operon is turned on in the presence of lactose.

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Q: What environmental factor causes the lac operon to turn on?
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How does lactose cause the lac operon to turn on?

The lac repressor protein has a binding site for lactose itself.


What does the E coli the lac operon controls?

When the lac operon controls the expression of proteins in the E.coli cell that can break down lactose into two sugars, glucose and galactose. When lactose is present, it binds to the repressor that typically sits on the lac operon, changing the repressor's conformation such that it can no longer bind to the lac operon. Because of this, RNA polymerase can now transcribe the gene into mRNA, which in turn is translated into the proteins that can break down lactose.


What does the E coli the lac operon control?

When the lac operon controls the expression of proteins in the E.coli cell that can break down lactose into two sugars, glucose and galactose. When lactose is present, it binds to the repressor that typically sits on the lac operon, changing the repressor's conformation such that it can no longer bind to the lac operon. Because of this, RNA polymerase can now transcribe the gene into mRNA, which in turn is translated into the proteins that can break down lactose.


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