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The factors that affect the magnitude of torques are three: the force F, the displacement D and the sine of the angle A between them. Torque T= FD sin A.

In Nature, variables are quaternions, and consist of a scalar and a vector part. This fact has not made its way into science and physics yet. It is like pre-spacetime physics when we had space And Time. Today we have scalar energy also called work And vector torque. Torque is really the energy vector.

In mechanical energy we have energy or work being force times displacement E=F.D. Torque in this system is T= FxD where A indicates the sine of the angle between the force and the displacement. T= FDsin A. Energy is also correctly seen to be Work= F.D= - FDcos A.

From this you see that vector energy is in general a quaternion:

E= FD = -FDcos A + FD sin A. The minus sign indicates negative energy called exergy (out energy like exercise) when the displacement and the force are in the same direction. Energy or positive energy is when the force and displacement are opposite then you have to put energy in, work.

If angle A is zero then there is only a scalar energy. if angle A is 90 degrees, thee is only torque or vector energy. I the angle is 45 degrees there is scalar and vector energy.

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Q: What factors affect the magnitude of torque?
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