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Fractional distillation refers to taking different volatile substances off at different temperatures. To fractionally distill air the differences in boiling points of its two main components oxygen and nitrogen are used.

Dry air contains roughly (by volume) 78.09% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.039% carbon dioxide.

Nitrogen boils at −196 °C

Oxygen boils at −183 °C

Argon boils at -186.0 °C

Carbon dioxide sublimes at -78.5 ºC

If the air mixture is cooled to -200 ºC then theoretically all the gases are liquids. As the temperature is carefully increased then nitrogen would boil off at -196 ºC leaving the other gases as still liquid. The nitrogen thus is collected. As the temperature is slowly increased past -183 ºC the oxygen could be collected etc.

Alternatively, the temperature could be slowly decreased and the solid carbon dioxide collected when the temperature drops below -78.5 ºC. Next liquid oxygen is collected at just below -183 ºC leaving the other components of air still as gases, and so on...

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13y ago
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14y ago

Nothing, because all the components of air are human friendly.

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Q: What is the Impact of fractional distillation of liquid air on humans?
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