A: All batteries will eventually fail when that occurs the voltage out of then can be zero or higher voltage when new, In that case the battery has failed but if you measure the output it will have a higher voltage because there is no load or open circuit as soon as the load is applied the voltage just disappear this condition is called open circuit voltage
12v
Well, you should really measure the open-circuit voltage and the short circuit current both under dark and light conditions and then compare them to fully characterize a solar cell. Measuring the open-circuit voltage means measuring the voltage across the cell when no current is flowing (i.e., with a LARGE resistance as a load on the cell). Measuring the short-circuit current means measuring the current when the voltage across the circuit is essentially zero (i.e., with a VERY SMALL resistance as a load on the cell--thus, "short-circuit" current).
As load is conected in circuit , so thre is no open circuit therefore there would not be any open circuit voltage.
There is no particular benefit for having a higher open-circuit (or 'no-load') voltage. In fact, an ideal voltage source would have no internal resistance and, therefore, its open-circuit voltage would be identical to its closed-circuit voltage.
The voltage measured across an open in a series circuit is the equivalent of the sourse voltage.
The first thing you need to know is the internal resistance of the current source, the voltage source will have the same internal resistance. Then compute the open circuit voltage of the current source, this will be the voltage of the voltage source. You are now done.
Voltage is potential energy and can exist in a open circuit.
in an open circuit, i.e. no current drawn from the cell, producing no drop across its internal impedance
The voltage before it is hooked up to a resistive load.
The full circuit voltage
Three ways a circuit can be made to be open are, blown fuse, open switch and open contact.
Such a circuit either has no voltage source, or some part of the circuit is open, e.g., an open switch.