The vapor-compression cycle is used in most household refrigerators as well as in many large commercial and industrial refrigeration systems. Figure 1 provides a schematic diagram of the components of a typical vapor-compression refrigeration system.Figure 1: Vapor compression refrigeration
The thermodynamics of the cycle can be analyzed on a diagram[11][12] as shown in Figure 2. In this cycle, a circulating refrigerant such as Freon enters the compressor as a vapor. From point 1 to point 2, the vapor is compressed at constant entropy and exits the compressor as a vapor at a higher temperature, but still below the vapor pressure at that temperature. From point 2 to point 3 and on to point 4, the vapor travels through the condenser which cools the vapor until it starts condensing, and then condenses the vapor into a liquid by removing additional heat at constant pressure and temperature. Between points 4 and 5, the liquid refrigerant goes through the expansion valve (also called a throttle valve) where its pressure abruptly decreases, causing flash evaporation and auto-refrigeration of, typically, less than half of the liquid.Figure 2: Temperature-Entropy diagram
That results in a mixture of liquid and vapor at a lower temperature and pressure as shown at point 5. The cold liquid-vapor mixture then travels through the evaporator coil or tubes and is completely vaporized by cooling the warm air (from the space being refrigerated) being blown by a fan across the evaporator coil or tubes. The resulting refrigerant vapor returns to the compressor inlet at point 1 to complete the thermodynamic cycle.
The above discussion is based on the ideal vapor-compression refrigeration cycle, and does not take into account real-world effects like frictional pressure drop in the system, slight thermodynamic irreversibility during the compression of the refrigerant vapor, or non-ideal gas behavior (if any).
More information about the design and performance of vapor-compression refrigeration systems is available in the classic Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook.[13]
Vapor absorption cycleMain article: Absorption refrigeratorIn the early years of the twentieth century, the vapor absorption cycle using water-ammonia systems was popular and widely used. After the development of the vapor compression cycle, the vapor absorption cycle lost much of its importance because of its low coefficient of performance (about one fifth of that of the vapor compression cycle). Today, the vapor absorption cycle is used mainly where fuel for heating is available but electricity is not, such as in recreational vehicles that carry LP gas. It is also used in industrial environments where plentiful waste heat overcomes its inefficiency.
The absorption cycle is similar to the compression cycle, except for the method of raising the pressure of the refrigerant vapor. In the absorption system, the compressor is replaced by an absorber which dissolves the refrigerant in a suitable liquid, a liquid pump which raises the pressure and a generator which, on heat addition, drives off the refrigerant vapor from the high-pressure liquid. Some work is needed by the liquid pump but, for a given quantity of refrigerant, it is much smaller than needed by the compressor in the vapor compression cycle. In an absorption refrigerator, a suitable combination of refrigerant and absorbent is used. The most common combinations are ammonia (refrigerant) and water (absorbent), and water (refrigerant) and lithium bromide[absorbent].
S. No. Vapor compression cycle Vapor absorption cycle
2
small size
large size
3
high cop
low cop
4 Mechanical input required by mechanical work i.e. high grade energy Energy input required is heat energy i.e. low grade energy
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There is no difference between PCC ( Power Control Centre) and PDB (Power Distribution Board). Although they have different names, but their functions are same i.e. controlling power feeders.
There is no difference in the cables. The only difference is the type of electrical power being transmitted. AC or DC applications use the same wires.
The difference is base on the requirement of their0 application.
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in regulated the voltage will be a constant one and can't be variant but is in case of unregulated
What the difference between process piping and power piping?
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There really is no difference.
The difference is in the output frequency.
The difference between energy and power signals...power signals have infinite energy but finite power..
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Brake power is stopping power and horsepower is go power.
There are no differences between the power connector of an AT motherboard versus that of a BabyAT motherboard.
Power is a quantity, and the watt is its unit of measurement.
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Besides the gender difference, an emperor has more power
There is none.