What is the medical term meaning bruising?

Answer 1

Bruises occur when capillaries and sometimes venules are damaged by trauma, allowing blood to seep into the surrounding extracellular space. Bruising, in medical terms, depends mostly on the size of the bruise. Generally, bruises are called hematomas, which when broken down literally means "blood tumor". If the hematoma is larger than 1 cm in diameter it is called an ecchymosis.
Other names for bruises are:
purpura (3-10 mm in diameter)
petechia (<3 mm in diameter)
Contusion or hematoma.

Answer 2

In its simplest form, a bruise is called a contusion. A contusion is an injury to underlying tissue without breaking the skin and is characterized by discoloration and pain (contus means bruise, and -ion means condition) This discoloration is caused by and accumulation of blood within the skin.. The "black-and-blue" skin discoloration typical of a bruise is called ecchymosis, caused by small capillaries leaking blood into surrounding tissue. A really serious bruise with pronounced swelling may indicate a hematoma, where blood is pooling from damage to a larger blood vessel and is a reason to seek immediate medical treatment.