Those who serve Allah's religion by enjoining the doing of what is good and forbidding the doing of what is evil are called the caliphs of Allah.The Messenger of Allah has caliphs, too. As his caliphs are not prophets, so Allah's caliphs are not deities.
Some pertinent ahâdîth declare:
(A just sultan is Allah's caliph on earth.) [Bayhaqî]
(Mahdî, who will be of my lineage, is Allah's caliph.)[Daylamî, Hâkim]
(He who enjoins the doing of what is good and forbids the doing of what is evil is the caliph of Allah and His Messenger.) [Daylamî]
Our master the Prophet describes a caliph as follows:
(May Allahu ta'âlâ show mercy to my caliphs! He who revives my sunnah and spreads it is my caliph.) [I. 'Asâkir]
Allahu ta'âlâ certainly has caliphs. This fact has been revealed by âyât and ahâdîth. The purport of two âyâtthat illustrate the point is as follows:
(O Dâwud (David)! We have made you a caliph on earth. Then judge with justice.) [Sûrat-u Sâd, 26]
(It is He who has made you caliphs on earth. Whoever disbelieves, it is to his own detriment.) [Sûrat-u Fâtir, 39]
Dâwud 'alaihis-salâm was told to judge with justice. This means to say that prophets and sultans are caliphs. If a sultan is just, he serves Allah's religion. It is declared in a hadîth-i sharîf:
(The sultan is a zillullah on earth. He who reveres him will be revered. He who betrays him will be betrayed.)[Tabarânî]
Zillullah means a caliph who has the authority to implement Allahu ta'âlâ's rules and orders. This title is also applied to Hadrat Mahdî, who will come at the time period close to Doomsday, because he will spread Allah's religion.
The first Caliph was Abu Bakr Assidik.
A caliph
Caliph meaning the representative of God on earth
SUNNI ISLAM believed that any Muslim could become Caliph if he was a good community leader; heredity was not terribly important.
According to Islam, Allah Almighty wanted to have His Caliph on the earth. He created Adam and Eve (May peace be upon them). All the human beings are the off-spring of Hazrat Adam (AS) and Hazrat Eve (Called Hawwa in Arabic).
Hadhrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad is a Caliph (Khalifa). He is the current Caliph for the Ahmadiyyah Movement of Islam
Abu lulu feroze
There used to be a central authority for Sunna Islam - the largest branch of Islam. That was called the Caliph. However, for almost a century now, there is no such central authority.
He is Omar Ibn Al-Khattab (May God be pleased with him).
their duties were to expand Islam to do this they used well trained armies
The first main 4 Caliphs (who are called the 4 orthodox caliphs) are:HAZRAT ABU BAKR SIDDIQUE (Raddi Allah Unho)The First Caliph of IslamHAZRAT UMAR FAROOQ (Raddi Allah Unho)The Second Caliph of IslamHAZRAT USMAN GHANI (Raddi Allah Unho)The Third Caliph of IslamHAZRAT ALI MURTZA (Raddi Allah Unho)The Fourth Caliph of Islam
It was during the reign of the second Rightful Caliph Hazrat Omar RAU the Islam spread far and wide.