Thorium (Th) discovered by Berzelius (1828) is found in the minerals Thorite, Thorianite, Orangite, Yttrocrasite; in monazite sand.
Common compounds of thorium: thorium dioxide, thorium trifluoride, thorium tetrafluoride, thorium tetrachloride, thorium triiodide, thorium diiodide, thorium tetraiodide, thorium nitrate, thorium oxalate, thorium carbide, thorium sulfides, thorium nitride, thorium oxinate, etc.
Thorium (Th).
Thorium is a tetravalent element. Thorium react slowly with water; thorium can react with concentrated nitric acid and hydrogen chloride. Thorium can react with the majority of other chemical elements. The Pauling electronegativity of thorium is 1,3.
Bitumen has not thorium.
Thorium can react with the majority of non metals; with metals thorium form alloys.
- from irradiated thorium - from uranium ores residues
Common compounds of thorium: thorium dioxide, thorium trifluoride, thorium tetrafluoride, thorium tetrachloride, thorium triiodide, thorium diiodide, thorium tetraiodide, thorium nitrate, thorium oxalate, thorium carbide, thorium sulfides, thorium nitride, thorium oxinate, etc.
The natural isotope 232Th is an alpha particles emitter but it is not important and it is not used as a source of radiations.
Radium exist in extremely low concentrations in uranium and thorium ores.
Polonium isotopes are decay products of thorium or uranium.
internal heating due to the decay of the radioactive isotopes of uranium, thorium, and potassium
Hazards and Health Considerations: Thorium presents both a toxic and radiological hazard. Toxicologically, it causes heavy metal poisoning similar to lead or the uranium isotopes. Biologically, thorium accumulates in the skeletal system where it has a biological half-life of 200 years, the same as plutonium. An M 17 protective mask and standard anti-contamination clothing will adequately protect against thorium.
Thorium and fluorine Thorium trifluoride - ThF3 Thorium tetrafluoride - ThF4
Thorium don't smell.
Thorium (Th).
Thorium is a natural, radioactive, chemical element; chemically, thorium is homogeneous.
Thorium-232 is appearing in the thorium series.