The Union Draft Law signed into effect on 3 March 1863. But it had numerous exemptions and the Law and wasn't nearly as Draconian as the question implies.
Anyone 18 or over. Military service is required for males when they turn 18. They are allowed to do civil service if they do not wish to serve in the military but this takes longer. Women are not required to serve.
You have to be eighteen
Some states permit adults age 18 to serve alcoholic beverages.
With a work permit - sixteen. If they serve alcohol - eighteen.
As long as you are eighteen.
women were not aloud to serve in puritan governments. But rich males could.
civil servant or public servant.
civil war
Nurse
Forty years (plus the year of the Ten Plagues, plus a couple of years in his infancy).
Yes. Israeli and Druze males are required to serve for three years, and femals must serve for two.
heavy artillery