The power supply is always batteries. Many series and different voltages. The popular voltage is like imalent flashlight in 2.8V--9V.
Most of the good small ones are 4.5 volts. The larger ones are 6, 9 or 12 volt.
The two resistor voltage divider is used often to supply a voltage different from that of an available battery or power supply. In application the output voltage depends upon the resistance of the load it drives.
A power supply that transforms AC to DC is used to provide the proper voltage to a CPU.
Desktop computers all come with a power supply that changes the mains voltage in your country's electricity supply to that needed inside the PC. Thus the Voltage used by your PC is the mains voltage in the country where the PC was sold.
The substation is there to convert a high voltage to a lower voltage for electricity supply. Transformers are needed to do this.
A Stabilizer maintains the voltage across a load constant no matter how high the current goes.It can be used to maintain the voltage across a load constant no matter the variation in supply voltage and also it can be used to maintain the supply voltage constant no matter the variation in load.
A transformer can be used, either a step-up or step-down transformer, to deliver the power at a different voltage from the normal supply voltage.
High voltage power supplies have many uses. It is most commonly used to supply power from a device to the circuit. These are great for people who need to supply their house with power.
There is no loss in voltage. Voltage is constant (dependant on your supply). The dimming is as a result of of a reduction in current (ampage)
You can not. Speakers do not supply a voltage they need a voltage to operate correctly.
Check out a site such as Amazon for INOVA flashlights. They often have customer reviews on the flashlights and one can read them before deciding to purchase a new or used one.
There is no transformer used in PC power supply. There is rectifier used to rectify or convert AC input voltage into DC output voltage.Transformer based rectifier produces some spikes at the output DC voltage, hencethey uses SMPS (Switch Mode Power Supply) to avoid spikes to the output DC voltage and get a smooth DC voltage.
IC 7806 is the voltage regulator that gives 6V dc voltage from 230V ac power supply. It is used to give power supply to the IC which operates on 6V.