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At the turn of the first century the population of the country of Samaria was roughly around 200,000-600,000. The majority of the population was in the Northern Kingdom until the Jewish Revolt in AD 66. Then the Jewish community scattered throughout the Samaritan country side.

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After the destruction of Israel in 722 BCE, the Assyrians renamed the territory as Samaria, after its former capital. They exiled many of the Israelites, while others fled south to Judah and Egypt. Then the Assyrians repopulated the province with exiles from other territories in their empire, including Arabs and others. Over the centuries, the Samarians lost their diverse history and even the history of their arrival in Samaria in the eighth century BCE. They intermarried with the remaining Israelites and eventually adopted a variant of monotheistic Judaism. Although they are usually referred to as Samarians, the gospels refer to them as Samaritans.

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Q: What was the population of Samaria in Jesus' time?
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