Below is the Miranda Rights text most states use:
"You have the right to remain silent. Anything you say will be used against you in a court of law. You have the right to an attorney during interrogation; if you cannot afford an attorney, one will be appointed to you."
(This answer applies to the United States; in other countries there may be a different set of rights read to you, or none at all.)
Threefold: (1) It is a constitutional requirement (2) It is a protection for the arrestee against being coerced into an admission of guilt without the benefit of an attorney to advise him. (3) it is a protection for law enforcement and the prosecution from having the defendant's admissions being disallowed as evidence in the trial.
They are not required to read you your Miranda Rights BEFORE arrest, only AFTER arrest. #1 - It's the law that they do it and, #2 - it advises and/or reminds people of their right, if they choose to exercise it, not to answer questions that may tend to incriminate them.
To satisfy the court and Constitutional requirement that the defendant be advised of their right to counsel at all stages of the criminal process - AND - not to run the risk of having the case dismissed from court if it was learned that they had failed to do so.
they have to read your rights before they arrest you.
The Police in the United States are not required to read you, a Miranda warning before or after arrest - UNLESS or UNTIL they actually begin to question you about a crime you are suspected of.
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In most cases the officer will inform you of the reason for your arrest and take you in to custody for booking. You may or may not be advised of your Miranda Rights at arrest but should be advised before your are questioned after arrest.
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No, Miranda Rights do not have to be read during any arrest. Miranda Rights are required prior to an interrogation but have nothing to do with an arrest.
If they have not declared you 'under arrest', and read you your Miranda rights, then you are not under arrest, you are just in police custody. That would be a good time to consult your lawyer.Another View: (in the US) Whether you are told, "You are under arrest," or not, BELIEVE ME, if you are taken to the police station and are not free to decline the trip, you ARE under arrest.ALSO; You do NOT have to be read your Miranda Rights at the time of your arrest. You must only be advised of them PRIOR to the start of any questioning about the offense.
Generally a cop has to read you your Miranda rights as you are taken into custody or taken for questioning. They must be read even if you volunteer for questioning. They must be read to you before you are arrested, or as they are arresting you.
When the police must read you your Miranda rights is murky at best. They must read them at some point before your custodial interrogation. That is, after they arrest you but before they ask you any questions pertaining to the crime you are suspected of. If you are arrested, the best option is not answer any questions without an attorney. When they ask you if you understand your rights, say no. When they ask you what part you don't understand, say you don't understand any of them. After that, clam up.
Police have to read you the Miranda rights if they are planning to use what you say in court against you. Generally this happens when you are taken into custody. Exactly how early they have to read them to you varies.
A person is "under arrest" when a police officer charges them with a crime and chooses to take them to the police station to be processed for it. For example, if someone commits a crime, they are technically under arrest when a police officer witnesses the crime or has a warrant for the arrest and tells the criminal "You are under arrest." Typical procedure after this is to put handcuffs on the criminal and read them their Miranda rights (you have the right to remain silent etc). Handcuffs alone do not mean arrest, but i'm pretty sure its illegal for a police officer to handcuff someone without grounds to arrest them. As a side note, the person doing the arrest does not have to be a sworn in police officer. In Citizen's arrest cases, anyone with arresting powers like a bounty hunter can also place someone under arrest.
Yes, a person inside their home can refuse to allow the police to enter if the person subject to arrest is not present. However, it is important to note that the police may still have the authority to enter the home under certain circumstances, such as with a warrant or if they have probable cause to believe a crime is being committed. It is advisable to consult with a lawyer to understand your rights and legal obligations in specific situations.