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What is Jell-O®?

Dietary Gelatin is a long molecule called a polymer. Poly is a Latin word

that means 'many', and a 'mer' is a building block - chemically speaking. More

specifically, gelatin is a polypeptide. Polypeptides are polymers in which every

third mer unit is a Glycine molecule.

Gelatin is used in marshmallows and yogurt. It coats medicines to make

them easy to swallow. It is found in casinos - coating playing cards, and it

binds match heads together. It is used in forensic science to simulate human

tissue. Gelatin is also used to clarify beer after brewing.

Ossein

(collagen)

Immerse in dilute acid

(24-48 hours)

Extract with hot water

(50-100C)

Box of Jell-O®

Wash, neutralization

Filtration (multiple passes)

Concentration

Bleach, ion exchange Chilling, drying to

10-15%moisture Grinding, packaging

Gelatin Manufacture

How is Jell-O® Made?

In their natural form, polypeptides are crystallized, and are called

collagen. Polypeptides occur in the hides, bones, and connecting tissue of

mammals. In collagen, polypeptides have a triple helix which is similar in

structure to DNA which is shaped as a double helix. Collagen is not watersoluble,

so it needs to be modified to make gelatin

The first step in the manufacture of gelatin from collagen is to dissolve the

collagen. This is done by boiling in either a strong acid, or a strong base.

During the process, the polypeptide molecules are broken in a process called

hydrolysis, and unraveled. Type A polypeptides from the acid process are a

little different from the type B polypeptides formed by the base process.

The next step is to neutralize the systems. Acid is added to the basic

solutions, and base is added to the acidic solutions. After this, some Jell-O® is

made at the plant. Hot water is added, and all the stuff that shouldn't be in

there (pig hair, bone chips, etc.) is filtered out. The next step is to boil off as

much water as possible, and then let it chill. After the Jell-O® is made, it is

dried and ground up.

What happens when I make Jell-O®?

Polypeptides, like Jell-O®, are soluble in water at high temperatures

(40C+), but not at lower temperatures. When a water solution of Jell-O® is

cooled, the molecules attempt to return to their triple helix state. This begins at

several points in the solution simultaneously. A given polypeptide chain is

likely involved in several short helices along its length. In order for one helix

segment to grow, it must unravel another helix. The final state is one in which

molecules are frozen in place, in a configuration that they would prefer not to

be. The molecules form a loose network in three dimensions, filled with fluid;

that is, if some of this fluid is removed, the network dries, and the gel shrinks.

If fluid is added, the network stretches, and the gel expands. It's not quite

stable, but it's not changing either so it is called 'metastable.'

edit by xrainstorm: they didn't ask what jello was, just where it is made. like where the factories are. right?

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14y ago
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14y ago

Kraft is the manufacturer of Jell-O.

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13y ago

Jell-o's parent company is Kraft.

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