The annual orbit of Earth around the sun is known as a year.
Orbit: as in the Earth orbits round the Sun.
Climate
Yes, Jupiter is about 5 times as far from the Sun.
No, it is not. It is tilted in comparison to the Earth's orbit around the Sun. This is why we have different times of seasons in the northern and southern hemisphere.
If the Sun were larger than Earth's orbit, we'd be inside it. Are we inside it? There you go.
Yes. The sun will eventually become a red giant whose diameter will be larger than the Earths' orbit.
Moon and earth distance
yes
Neptune is the outermost planet, and is farthest from Earth's orbit.
No. They orbit Earth; and the reason they orbit is because of gravity.
The annual orbit of Earth around the sun is known as a year.
The Earth's orbit is almost circular. Technically, the "eccentricity" of the orbit is about 0.0167.
Something that goes around the Earth
earths tempertures
Since the earth is larger than the moon it generates a more powerful magnetic field which pulls the moon towards the earth and causes it to orbit as the earth rotates on its axis, and the reason it stays in orbit is because the moon is moving fast enough to stay in orbit rather than be pulled into the earth yet it's not moving so fast that it will leave earths orbit.
No. The moon's orbit around the earth is.