According to The Bible, Abraham was the first of the three Hebrew patriarchs. He is generally credited with being the first since Noah and his sons to recognise that there was only one God, although strictly speaking the Bible does not credit Abraham with being monotheistic - the insight that there is only one God was given to Abraham in a midrash (non-binding opinion) written shortly before the Christian era.
Almost all scholars dismiss Abraham as a historical person, so he really made no contribution to the development of the Jewish religion. Perhaps his real contribution is as a figurehead for Jews to believe in and base their faith on.
Moses
According to the Bible, Moses was the great leader chosen by God to lead the Israelite slaves in the Exodus out of Egypt. He received the Ten Commandments from God and built the Ark of the covenant, both to hold the tablets on which the commandments were written, and to support the mercy seat on which God rode as the Israelites wandered in the wilderness for forty years. Moses is traditionally credited with writing the first five books of the Bible, the Pentateuch.
Over 90 per cent of scholars are reported to believe that there was no Exodus from Egypt as described in the Bible. Therefore there was no Moses, and he made no real contribution to the development of the Jewish religion. Biblical scholars attribute the Pentateuch to a number of anonymous sources, writing many centuries after the time attributed to Moses.
David
According to the Bible, David was the great king who united all the Israelite tribes and went on to conquer a great empire. David was not a prophet and is not credited with any direct contribution to the development of the Jewish religion, but the Jews needed a glorious past with great leaders that they could be proud of, and David seems to provide that past. The last judge of the Israelites, Samuel, was commanded to anoint David king, evidence both of God's existence and his interest in the development of Israel. David is traditionally credited with writing many of the psalms.
Historians accept that David was probably a real, historical person, but say he was more likely a local warlord or tribal chieftain whose influence never extended far beyond the region that would later become the kingdom of Judah. Many scholars dismiss the idea of a United Monarchy as described in the Bible. the psalms are regarded as a genre unknown at the time attributed to David.
Solomon
According to the Bible, Solomon was David's son and successor who became the wisest of kings and ruled over a prosperous kingdom, living a lavish lifestyle and entertaining the legendary Queen of Sheba. His contribution to Jewish religion would be his request that God give him great wisdom. Because of that wisdom, he is credited with writing some of the psalms and the wisdom books of Proverbs and Ecclesiastes.
Historians accept that Solomon was probably a real, historical person, but say his influence would never have extended far beyond the region that would later become the kingdom of Judah. Most say there was no great United Monarchy at this time. Archaeologists say that Israel of the eleventh century BCE could not have supported the lavish lifestyle attributed to Solomon in the Bible. Lester L. Grabbe (Ancient Israel: What Do We Know and How Do We Know It?) says the story of the Queen of Sheba was invented by the post-Deuteronomic redactor.
The Books of Proverbs and Ecclesiastes were compiled after the Babylonian Exile, centuries after the time attributed to Solomon. Ecclesiastes even contains some Persian loan words, which would only have been possible after 500 BCE.
See the following links for each of the names that you asked about:
Abraham and Moses
Naomi and Ruth: Naomi, through her superlative righteousness, caused Ruth the Moabitess to decide to accompany her to Israel and become a Jewess. Ruth later became the ancestress of King David, and has served as a model of selflessness and service of God.
Abraham started Judaism when he created a covenant with God to be monotheistic (the belief in the one and only God).
Abraham founded Judaism. Moses received the Torah from God. David and Solomon were the greatest of the Jewish kings.
They were all prophets
King David and his son King Solomon were both prophets of the Jews and as such preached and contributed to the Jewish religion. King Solomon built the First Temple, and also composed the books of Mishlei (Proverbs), Kohellet (Ecclesiastes), and Shir Hashirim (Song of Songs).
Abraham Solomon was born in 1823.
Abraham Solomon died in 1862.
His love for God caused him to build the Temple that used to be at the top of the temple mount on the land over the wailing wall in Israel but the temple was knocked down and Muslims built on top of it.
Abraham Solomon Halkin has written: 'The Hashwiyya'
Abraham, Jacob, Solomon. See also:Timeline
Abraham Solomon has written: 'Disputatio pathologica inauguralis, de quibusdam cerebri tumoribus'
Prophet Moses, Abraham, Isaac, Joseph, David, Solomon all were Prophets in Judaism, Christianity and Islam
Abraham Solomon Waldstein has written: 'The Evolution of Modern Hebrew literature 1850-1912'
Elijah ben Solomon Abraham ha-Kohen died in 1729.
Seth Gukuna is the Minister of Infrastructure Development for the Solomon Islands.
Abraham Solomon ben Isaac ben Samuel Catalan died in 1492.