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Why diamond is shining and carbon is dull?

Updated: 8/19/2019
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12y ago

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What a great question.

Diamond is carbon compressed into the very regular pattern of a crystal. The highly organized formation of a crystal makes it possible for light to pass through without being scattered.

(It takes intense pressure and ultra-high heat to force carbon into its crystal form, and the energy reflects the orderliness of the resulting crystal.)

From Wikipedia:

"Diamond crystallizes in the cubic system: graphite crystallizes in the hexagonal system."

An analogy that might help: If you are in a place where there is very dense fog, made up of ordinary water, you may have trouble seeing even 2 or 3 feet in front of you. The surfaces of the individual water droplets are scattering light every which-way. But you might be able to see through 30 or 40 feet or more of very clear ocean water during a dive. Water isn't exactly crystal, but the molecules are packed together differently from the chaotic jumble of atoms in a thick fog.

Carbon -- graphite in this comparison -- then is made up of a lattice system through which light cannot pass -- or be reflected from -- as easily as it does through the cubic system of diamond.

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12y ago
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Q: Why diamond is shining and carbon is dull?
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