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The Framers of the Constitution of the United States of 1787 were fearful of a standing army. They believed that the greatest threat to the liberty of a free people was a standing army. As such, they believed the best defense militarily are militias, which are citizen run volunteer units that only exist in the event of invasion, rebellion or insurrection.

The Navy, being necessary to protect a nation's interest abroad cannot be treated in the same manner as an Army. As such, the U.S. Constitution of 1787 separates the two branches because they serve ultimately two separate purposes. A standing army can potentially harm the rights and liberties of a free people, while a navy is essential in guaranteeing those rights and liberties of a free people.

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Q: Why the Army and Navy were separated under duties of congress?
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