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Dictionary:

ray1

  (rā) pronunciation
n.
    1. A thin line or narrow beam of light or other radiant energy.
    2. A graphic or other representation of such a line.
  2. Radiance; light.
  3. A small amount; a trace: not a ray of hope left.
  4. Mathematics. A straight line extending from a point. Also called half-line.
  5. A structure or part having the form of a straight line extending from a point.
  6. Any of the bright streaks that are seen radiating from some craters on the moon.
  7. Botany.
    1. A ray flower or the corolla of a ray flower.
    2. A branch of an umbel.
  8. Zoology.
    1. One of the bony spines supporting the membrane of a fish's fin.
    2. One of the arms of a starfish or other radiate animal.
  9. rays Slang. Sunshine: Let's go to the beach and catch some rays.
tr.v., rayed, ray·ing, rays.
  1. To send out as rays; emit.
  2. To supply with rays or radiating lines.
  3. To cast rays on; irradiate.

[Middle English, from Old French rai, from Latin radius.]


 
 
Thesaurus: ray

noun

    A series of particles or waves traveling close together in parallel paths: beam, shaft. See light/darkness.

 
Measures and Units: half-line

pressure Applying line as a tenth of an inch to 30 inches of mercury in a barometer, = 1/600 the standard atmospheric pressure; as Russian half-line applied at 62°F with the standard at 1 012.804 mbar, hence equal to 1.688~ mbar (168.8~ Pa).
[Glazebrook R. T. (ed.) Dictionary of Applied Physics, Vol. 1: Mechanics, Engineering, Heat (London: Macmillan, 1922)]

 
Britannica Concise Encyclopedia: ray

Cow-nosed ray (Rhinoptera bonasus), a stingray
(click to enlarge)
Cow-nosed ray (Rhinoptera bonasus), a stingray (credit: Painting by Richard Ellis)
Any of 300 – 350 mostly marine species of cartilaginous fish (order Batoidei) found worldwide and classified as electric rays, sawfishes, skates, and stingrays. Many species are slow-moving bottom-dwellers. The gill openings and mouth are on the underside of the flattened body. Winglike pectoral fins extend along the sides of the head. All but electric rays have a long, slender tail, often with saw-edged, venomous spines, and rough, often spiny, skin. See also manta ray.

For more information on ray, visit Britannica.com.

 
Columbia Encyclopedia: ray,
in physics, term denoting the straight line along which light or other form of radiation is propagated from its source. It generally refers to the line of propagation of waves but is also applied to streams of particles such as the electrons emitted from a cathode or particles emitted by substances exhibiting radioactivity. See cosmic rays; X ray.

 
Cosmic Lexicon: Ray

Streak of material blasted out and away from an impact crater.


 
Gardener's Dictionary: ray

One of the flat marginal florets in an aster, daisy, sunflower, or other composite flower head, as distinguished from the central disk florets. See also disk.

 
Word Tutor: ray
pronunciation

IN BRIEF: Any of the lines or streams in which light appears to issue from a luminous object; a raylike line or stretch of something, as of color.

pronunciation Flowers. . . are a proud assertion that a ray of beauty outvalues all the utilities of the world. — Ralph Waldo Emerson

 
Wikipedia: ray (optics)

In optics, a ray is an idealized narrow beam of light. Rays are used to model the propagation of light through an optical system, by dividing the real light field up into discrete rays that can be computationally propagated through the system by the techniques of ray tracing. This allows even very complex optical systems to be analyzed mathematically or simulated by computer.

There are many special rays that are used in optical modelling to analyze an optical system. These are defined and described below, grouped by the type of system they are used to model.

Interaction with surfaces

  • An incident ray is a ray of light that strikes a surface. The angle between this ray and the perpendicular or normal to the surface is the angle of incidence.
  • The reflected ray corresponding to a given incident ray, is the ray that represents the light reflected by the surface. The angle between the surface normal and the reflected ray is known as the angle of reflection. The Law of Reflection says that for a specular (non-scattering) surface, the angle of reflection always equals the angle of incidence.
  • The refracted ray or transmitted ray corresponding to a given incident ray represents the light that is transmitted through the surface. The angle between this ray and the normal is known as the angle of refraction, and it is given by Snell's Law.
  • If the material is birefringent, the refracted ray may split into ordinary and extraordinary rays, which experience different indexes of refraction when passing through the birefringent material.


See also: Reflection (physics), Refraction, Absorption (optics), and Birefringence

Optical systems

  • A meridional ray is a ray that is confined to the y-z plane, where z points along the optical axis of the system, and y is perpendicular to this axis.
  • The marginal ray in an optical system is the meridional ray that starts at the point where the object crosses the optical axis, and touches the edge of the aperture stop of the system. This ray is useful, because it crosses the optical axis again at the locations where an image will be formed. The distance of the marginal ray from the optical axis at the locations of the entrance pupil and exit pupil defines the sizes of each pupil (since the pupils are images of the aperture stop).
  • The chief ray in an optical system is the meridional ray that starts at the edge of the object, and passes through the center of the aperture stop. This ray crosses the optical axis at the locations of the pupils. The distance between the chief ray and the optical axis at an image location defines the size of the image.
  • A skew ray is a ray that originates from an object point in the y-z plane, but does not propagate in this plane. Such a ray will intersect the entrance pupil at some arbitrary coordinates (xp,yp).
  • A tangential ray is a ray that intersects the entrance pupil at xp=0. This is just another name for a meridional ray.
  • A sagittal ray or transverse ray is a skew ray that intersects the pupil at yp=0.

Fiber optics


See also: Numerical aperture

See also

References

  • Greivenkamp, John E. (2004). Field Guide to Geometrical Optics, SPIE Field Guides vol. FG01, SPIE. ISBN 0-8194-5294-7. 

This entry is from Wikipedia, the leading user-contributed encyclopedia. It may not have been reviewed by professional editors (see full disclaimer)

 
Translations: Translations for: Ray

Dansk (Danish)
1.
n. - stråle
v. intr. - stråle, udstråle
v. tr. - bestråle

2.
n. - rokke

3.
n. - re (musik - tone i tonerækken)

Nederlands (Dutch)
straal, (mv) bepaald type straling, vonkje (hoop etc.), rog, buitenste rand van samengestelde bloem, straal van zeester, vinstraal, re/D (muziek), (uit)stralen, straalsgewijs uitlopen, met stralen opsieren

Français (French)
1.
n. - rayon, (fig) lueur
v. intr. - émettre des rayons, munir de rayons, irradier
v. tr. - émettre des rayons, munir de rayons, irradier

2.
n. - (Zool) raie

3.
n. - (Mus) ré

Deutsch (German)
1.
n. - Strahl, Flossenstrahl
v. - strahlen

2.
n. - Rochen

3.
n. - (Mus.) re

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - ακτίνα, αχτίδα, (ζωολ.) σαλάχι, (πληθ.) ακτίνες Χ
v. - ακτινοβολώ

Italiano (Italian)
raggio, razza

Português (Portuguese)
n. - arraia (f) (Zool.), raio (m) (luz, calor, etc.)
v. - reflexo (m)

Русский (Russian)
луч, излучение, скат

Español (Spanish)
1.
n. - rayo, radio, luz, cada una de las líneas que parten de un mismo punto
v. intr. - radiar, resplandecer, extenderse en forma radiada
v. tr. - marcar con líneas en disposición radiada, exponer a una radiación

2.
n. - raya, mantarraya

3.
n. - nota musical re

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - stråle, (zool) rocka
v. - utstråla

中文（简体） (Chinese (Simplified))
1. 光线, 电流, 热线, 放射状线条, 射线, 辐射线, 视线, 目光, 放射, 显出

2. 鳐

中文（繁體） (Chinese (Traditional))
1.
n. - 鰩

2.
n. - 光線, 電流, 熱線, 放射狀線條, 射線, 輻射線, 視線, 目光
v. tr. - 放射, 顯出

한국어 (Korean)
1.
n. - 광선, 방사선, 원의 반경, 약간
v. intr. - 번쩍이다, 빛나다
v. tr. - 방사하다, 광선을 비추다

2.
n. - 홍어

3.
n. - (음악) '레'

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - 男子名, 光線, 光, 射線, 半直線, 熱線, 放射線の粒子, ライ, 放射組織, 鰭条, エイ, 輝き
v. - ひらめく, 放射する, 光線で照らす, 照射する, 光を当てる

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) شعاع, الحصيرة (فعل) يشع‏

עברית (Hebrew)
n. - ‮קרן-אור, שביב‬
v. intr. - ‮קרן‬
v. tr. - ‮הקרין (אור)‬
n. - ‮דג-ים שטוח‬
n. - ‮רה - הטון השני בסולם הצלילים הבסיסי‬

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Best of the Web: Ray

Some good "ray" pages on the web:


American Sign Language
commtechlab.msu.edu
 
Math
mathworld.wolfram.com
 
 
 

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Copyrights:

Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2007. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.  Read more
Thesaurus. Roget's II: The New Thesaurus, Third Edition by the Editors of the American Heritage® Dictionary Copyright © 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.  Read more
Measures and Units. A Dictionary of Weights, Measures, and Units. Copyright © Donald Fenna 2002, 2004. All rights reserved.  Read more
Britannica Concise Encyclopedia. Britannica Concise Encyclopedia. © 2006 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. All rights reserved.  Read more
Columbia Encyclopedia. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright © 2003, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. www.cc.columbia.edu/cu/cup/  Read more
Cosmic Lexicon. Copyright 1996 Planetary Science Research Discoveries.  Read more
Gardener's Dictionary. Taylor's Dictionary for Gardeners, by Frances Tenenbaum. Copyright © 1997 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.  Read more
Word Tutor. Copyright © 2004-present by eSpindle Learning, a 501(c) nonprofit organization. All rights reserved.
eSpindle provides personalized spelling and vocabulary tutoring online; free trial.  Read more
Wikipedia. This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Ray (optics)".  Read more
Translations. Copyright © 2007, WizCom Technologies Ltd. All rights reserved.  Read more

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