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project

 
Dictionary: proj·ect   (prŏj'ĕkt', -ĭkt) pronunciation
 
n.
  1. A plan or proposal; a scheme. See synonyms at plan.
  2. An undertaking requiring concerted effort: a community cleanup project; a government-funded irrigation project.
  3. An extensive task undertaken by a student or group of students to apply, illustrate, or supplement classroom lessons.
  4. A housing project.

v. pro·ject (prə-jĕkt'), -ject·ed, -ject·ing, -jects.

v.tr.
  1. To thrust outward or forward: project one's jaw in defiance.
  2. To throw forward; hurl: project an arrow.
  3. To send out into space; cast: project a light beam.
  4. To cause (an image) to appear on a surface: projected the slide onto a screen.
  5. Mathematics. To produce (a projection).
  6. To direct (one's voice) so as to be heard clearly at a distance.
  7. Psychology. To externalize and attribute (an emotion or motive, for example) unconsciously to someone or something else in order to avoid anxiety.
  8. To convey an impression of to an audience or to others: a posture that projects defeat.
  9. To form a plan or intention for: project a new business enterprise.
  10. To calculate, estimate, or predict (something in the future), based on present data or trends: projecting next year's expenses.
v.intr.
  1. To extend forward or out; jut out: beams that project beyond the eaves. See synonyms at bulge.
  2. To direct one's voice so as to be heard clearly at a distance.

[Middle English projecte, from Latin prōiectum, projecting structure, from neuter past participle of prōicere, to throw out : prō-, forth; see pro–1 + iacere, to throw.]

projectable pro·ject'a·ble adj.
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Broad, complex, multidisciplinary approach to the production of a good or service.

 
Thesaurus: project
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noun

  1. A method for making, doing, or accomplishing something: blueprint, design, game plan, idea, layout, plan, schema, scheme, strategy. See planned/unplanned.
  2. Something undertaken, especially something requiring extensive planning and work: enterprise, undertaking, venture. See work/play.

verb

  1. To curve outward past the normal or usual limit: bag, balloon, beetle, belly, bulge, jut, overhang, pouch, protrude, protuberate, stand out, stick out. See convex/concave.
  2. To launch with great force: fire, hurtle, loose, propel, shoot. Idioms: let fly. See move/halt.
  3. To send out heat, light, or energy: cast, emit, irradiate, radiate, shed, throw. See move/halt.
  4. To form a strategy for: blueprint, cast, chart, conceive, contrive, design, devise, formulate, frame, lay1, plan, scheme, strategize, work out. Informal dope out. Idioms: lay plans. See planned/unplanned.
  5. To have in mind as a goal or purpose: aim, contemplate, design, intend, mean1, plan, propose, purpose, target. Regional mind. See planned/unplanned, purpose/purposelessness.
  6. To tell about or make known (future events) in advance, especially by means of special knowledge or inference: call, forecast, foretell, predict, prognosticate. See foresight.

 
Antonyms: project
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v

Definition: bulge, hang out
Antonyms: cave in

v

Definition: throw, discharge
Antonyms: keep


 
Architecture: project
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1. A construction undertaking, composed of one or more buildings and the site improvements, planned and executed in a fixed time period.
2. In an office, a job or a commission.
3. A planned, large apartment building or housing complex, usually built at minimum cost with government funds for low-income families; also called a housing project.
4. The total construction designed by the architect, of which the work performed under the contract documents may be the whole or a part.


 
Word Tutor: project
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pronunciation

IN BRIEF: A plan or idea that is being carried out. Also: To throw forward as on a movie screen.

pronunciation Don't undertake a project unless it is manifestly important and nearly impossible. — Edwin Land

Tutor's tip: I might project (long o in the first syllable) on a screen my ideas for my project (short o in the first syllable).

 
Quotes About: Projects
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Quotes:

"Mankind always sets itself only such tasks as it can solve; since, looking at the matter more closely, we will always find that the task itself arises only when the material conditions necessary for its solution already exist or are at least in the process of formation." - Karl Marx

"There are two things to be considered with regard to any scheme. In the first place, Is it good in itself? In the second, Can it be easily put into practice?" - Jean Jacques Rousseau

 
Wikipedia: Project
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For all other uses, see Project (disambiguation).

A project in business and science is a collaborative enterprise, frequently involving research or design, that is carefully planned to achieve a particular aim.[1]

Contents

Overview

The word project comes from the Latin word projectum from the Latin verb proicere, "to throw something forwards" which in turn comes from pro-, which denotes something that precedes the action of the next part of the word in time (paralleling the Greek πρό) and iacere, "to throw". The word "project" thus actually originally meant "something that comes before anything else happens".

When the English language initially adopted the word, it referred to a plan of something, not to the act of actually carrying this plan out. Something performed in accordance with a project became known as an "object".

This use of "project" changed in the 1950s[citation needed] with the introduction of several techniques for project management. Use of the word "project" evolved slightly to cover both projects and objects. However, certain projects continue to include so-called objects object leaders

Contemporary Western business — characterized by a modern matrix organization and a cooperative culture — currently particularly favors project-based approaches. Authoritarian, bureaucratic organizations with rigid, hierarchical structures show less enthusiasm about project-based work, which may not operate as expected in their environment due to conflicts between different cultures.[citation needed]

Specific uses

School Usage

Within public schools and private schools in the United States, a project is an assignment given to a student which generally requires a larger amount of effort than normal homework assignments. They can range anywhere from simple written projects to elaborate and well-constructed Science Fair Projects.

Engineering project

The engineering project is a particular type of technological system, embedded in the context of technological systems in general[2]. Engineering projects are, in many countries, specifically defined by legislation, which requires that such projects should be carried out by registered engineers and/or registered engineering companies. That is, companies with license to carry out such works as design and construction of buildings, power plants, industrial facilities, installation and erection of electrical grid networks, transportation infrastructure and the like.

The scope of the project is specified on a contract between the owner and the engineering and construction parties. As a rule, an engineering project is broken down into design and construction phases. The outputs of the design process are drawings, calculations, and all other design documentation necessary to carry out the next phase.

Project management

In project management a project consists of a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service or result.[3] An other definition is a management environment that is created for the purpose of delivering one or more business products according to a specified business case[4].

Project objectives define target status at the end of the project, reaching of which is considered necessary for the achievement of planned benefits. They can be formulated as S.M.A.R.T.E.R[original research?]: Specific, Measurable (or at least evaluable) achievement, Achievable (recently Acceptable is used regularly as well), realistic (given the current state of organizational resources) and Time terminated (bounded), Ethical and Recorded. The evaluation (measurement) occurs at the project closure. However a continuous guard on the project progress should be kept by monitoring and evaluating. It is also worth noting that SMART or SMARTER is best applied for incremental type innovation projects[citation needed]. For radical type projects it does not apply as well. Goals for such projects tend to be broad, qualitative, stretch/unrealistic and success driven.

Examples of notable projects

See also

Footnotes

  1. ^ Oxford English Dictionary
  2. ^ Gene Moriarty, The Engineering Project:Its Nature, Ethics, and Promise, page 7. Penn State Press, 2008.
  3. ^ A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide), Third Edition, Project Management Institute.
  4. ^ - APM Group - PRINCE2

 
Translations: Project
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Dansk (Danish)
n. - plan, projekt
v. tr. - planlægge, udslynge, projicere
v. intr. - rage frem

idioms:

  • project oneself    sætte sig ind i

Nederlands (Dutch)
projecteren, uitsteken, uit laten steken, project, groep huizen, onderneming

Français (French)
n. - projet, (École) dossier, (Univ) mémoire, (US) cité HLM, lotissement HLM
v. tr. - projeter, envoyer, faire porter (une voix), donner (une image), projeter (une angoisse), prévoir (des chiffres), (Cin, Phys) projeter, (Géog) faire la projection de, (Math) projeter (un solide)
v. intr. - faire saillie, surplomber, (Théât) passer la rampe (acteur)

Deutsch (German)
n. - Projekt, Plan
v. - projizieren, werfen, schleudern, übertragen, planen, vorspringen

Ελληνική (Greek)
n. - σχέδιο, (σχεδιαζόμενο, προγραμματισμένο ή αναπτυξιακό) έργο, τεχνική μελέτη έργου, μαθητική εργασία
v. - σχεδιάζω, μελετώ, εκπονώ, προβάλλω (ταινία κ.λπ.), εκτοξεύω, εκσφενδονίζω, εξακοντίζω, προεξέχω, ξεπροβάλλω, προεκτείνω/-ομαι, επιμηκύνω/-ομαι, (ψυχολ.) επιρρίπτω

idioms:

  • project oneself    μεταφέρομαι (νοητικά)

Italiano (Italian)
progettare, proiettare, progetto

idioms:

  • project oneself    proiettarsi
  • project onto    proiettare su

Português (Portuguese)
n. - projeto (m)
v. - projetar

idioms:

  • project oneself    projetar-se
  • project onto    projetar sobre

Русский (Russian)
проектировать, проецировать, выдаваться, проект

idioms:

  • project oneself    переноситься (в будущее)
  • project onto    переносить на, срывать на

Español (Spanish)
n. - proyecto
v. tr. - proyectar, planear, sobresalir, resaltar
v. intr. - volar, salir fuera, sobresalir, destacarse

Svenska (Swedish)
n. - plan, förslag, uppslag, projekt
v. - projektera, planera, projicera, framhäva, slunga ut, kasta, rikta, skjuta fram, sticka ut

中文(简体)(Chinese (Simplified))
计划, 事业, 方案, 投掷, 设计, 突出, 伸出, 投射

idioms:

  • project oneself    突出自己, 表现自己

中文(繁體)(Chinese (Traditional))
n. - 計劃, 事業, 方案
v. tr. - 計劃, 投擲, 設計
v. intr. - 突出, 伸出, 投射

idioms:

  • project oneself    突出自己, 表現自己

한국어 (Korean)
n. - 안, 계획
v. tr. - 입안하다, 계획하다
v. intr. - 삐죽[불쑥] 나오다

idioms:

  • project oneself    자기 몸을 ~에 놓고 보다

日本語 (Japanese)
n. - 計画, 企画, 事業, 企業
v. - 突き出す, 投げ出す, 投影する, 計画する, 予測する, 生きいきと伝える, 提示する, 突出する, はっきりと声を出す

idioms:

  • project oneself    投影する
  • project onto    投入する

العربيه (Arabic)
‏(الاسم) خطه, مشروع (فعل) يعطي فكرة, يسلط النور على, يتصور ويعتبر‏

עברית (Hebrew)
n. - ‮פרוייקט, מיזם, מפעל, תוכנית‬
v. tr. - ‮תכנן, הבליט, הטיל, השליך, הקרין‬
v. intr. - ‮בלט, הציג תדמית של‬


 
Best of the Web: the-project
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Some good "project" pages on the web:


American Sign Language
commtechlab.msu.edu
 
 
 

 

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Dictionary. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition Copyright © 2007, 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2007. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.  Read more
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Thesaurus. Roget's II: The New Thesaurus, Third Edition by the Editors of the American Heritage® Dictionary Copyright © 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.  Read more
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