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Š

 
Š in upper- and lowercase

The grapheme Š, š (Latin S with háček) is used in various contexts, usually denoting the voiceless postalveolar fricative [ʃ], including in phonetic transcription. Š and š are at Unicode codepoints U+0160 and U+0161 (Alt 352 and Alt 353 for input), respectively. Many English-speakers recognize it from the name of prolific filmmaker Miloš Forman.

Primary usage

The symbol originates with the 15th century Czech alphabet as introduced by the reforms of Jan Hus. From there, it was adopted into the Croatian alphabet by Ljudevit Gaj in 1830, and it also figures in the Serbian Latin, Slovak, Belarusian Łacinka, Slovenian and Sorbian alphabets.

It is also used in Latvian, Lithuanian, Lakota, Saami, Songhay and Northern Sotho, also denoting /ʃ/. It is also used in Estonian and Finnish in loan words.

Transliteration

It is the romanisation of Cyrillic ш in ISO 9 and scientific transliteration as well as in Macedonian, Bulgarian and Serbian. It may also be used in transliteration of Ukranian and Bashkir.

The grapheme also transliterates cuneiform orthography of Sumerian and Akkadian /ʃ/ or /t͡ʃ/, and (based on Akkadian orthography) the Hittite /s/ phoneme, as well as the /ʃ/ phoneme of Semitic languages, transliterating shin (Phoenician Phoenician sin.png and its descendants), the direct predecessor of Cyrillic ш.

See also

The Basic modern Latin alphabet
Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz
Letter S with diacritics
Letters using caron sign

history palaeography derivations diacritics punctuation numerals Unicode list of letters ISO/IEC 646


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