1012

1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 1020

political events

England's Ethelred (Aethelred) II pays the Danes another £48,000 to cease their raids (see 1007).

Danish invaders murder Elphege (Aelfheah), archbishop of Canterbury, at Greenwich, London, April 19, having held him for 7 months without ransom (he has refused to have the poor taxed to raise money for his release).

religion

"Heretics" find themselves persecuted for the first time in the German states.

Pope Sergius IV dies at Rome May 12 after a reign of nearly 3 years, Rome's powerful Crescentii family installs its papal candidate as antipope under the name Gregory VI, but the rival Tusculani family forces Gregory to flee the city and installs its own candidate, a member of the family who will reign until his death in 1024 as Benedict VIII. Gregory appeals to the German king Heinrich for support (but see 1014)

1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 1020

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Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	10th century – 11th century – 12th century
Decades:	980s  990s  1000s  – 1010s –  1020s  1030s  1040s
Years:	1009 1010 1011 – 1012 – 1013 1014 1015

1012 by topic

Lists of leaders

State leaders

Birth and death categories

Births – Deaths

Establishments and disestablishments categories

Establishments – Disestablishments v • d • e

1012 in other calendars

Gregorian calendar	1012 MXII
Ab urbe condita	1765
Armenian calendar	461 ԹՎ ՆԿԱ
Bahá'í calendar	-832 – -831
Berber calendar	1962
Buddhist calendar	1556
Burmese calendar	374
Byzantine calendar	6520 – 6521
Chinese calendar	辛亥年十二月初五日 (3648/3708-12-5) — to — 壬子年十一月十六日 (3649/3709-11-16)
Coptic calendar	728 – 729
Ethiopian calendar	1004 – 1005
Hebrew calendar	4772 – 4773
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1067 – 1068
- Shaka Samvat	934 – 935
- Kali Yuga	4113 – 4114
Holocene calendar	11012
Iranian calendar	390 – 391
Islamic calendar	402 – 403
Japanese calendar
Korean calendar	3345
Thai solar calendar	1555
v • d • e

Events

By place

Europe

• Mael Morda starts a rebellion against Brian Boru in Ireland, which eventually ends in 1014 at the Battle of Clontarf.
• King Máel Coluim mac Cináeda of Alba reputedly defeats a Danish army at Cruden Bay in Buchan.
• Suleiman II is restored as Umayyad caliph of Cordoba, succeeding Hisham II.
• King Aethelred of England pays tribute to Viking raiders (Danegeld).
• Oldrich succeeds Jaromir as duke of Bohemia.

By topic

Religion

• Fatimid Caliph al-Hakim orders the destruction of all Jewish and Christian places of worship.
• April 19—Archbishop Alphege of Canterbury is murdered by his Danish captors.
• May 18—Pope Benedict VIII succeeds Pope Sergius IV as the 143rd pope.
• Gregory VI becomes antipope.

Births

• Pope Benedict IX (approximate date)
• Marpa, Tibetan translator of holy texts (d. 1097)
• Cai Xiang Chinese Calligrapher (d. 1067)

Deaths

• April 19—Alphege, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 954)
• May 12—Pope Sergius IV
• Otto, Duke of Lower Lorraine
• Ibn Faradi

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