1030
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Norway's Olaf II Haraldsson attempts to reconquer his country with help from Anund Jakob (see 1028), but he is defeated on Norwegian soil at the Battle of Stiklestad July 29 and killed at age 35 (approximate) fighting against a superior force of Danish soldiers and Norwegian peasants loyal to Denmark (and England's) king Knut (Canute). Olaf will be canonized next year; his 14-year-old half brother Harald Sigurdsson survives the battle and makes his way to Kiev, where he receives protection from Jaroslav the Wise.
The Holy Roman Emperor Conrad II invades Hungary but is defeated by the forces of Stephen (István) I, who will have some minor conflicts with Bulgaria and Poland but whose long reign will for the most part be peaceful.
The Muslim emirs who have attacked Syria defeat the Byzantine emperor Romanus III in battle.
The Afghan ruler Mahmud of Ghazna dies at Ghazna in late April at age 59, having transformed his capital into a cultural showplace rivaling Baghdad in his 25-year career of pillaging the temples of northern India, capturing slaves, and returning with elephants whose backs were laden with his spoils. He has shared his palace with some 400 poets and is famous for having filled one poet's mouth with pearls three times to show his appreciation for a moving eulogy.
Canon of Medicine by the Arab physician Avicenna (Ibn Sina) follows the thinking of Aristotle and Galen but is so well written and organized that it will be a major influence on medical thinking for centuries.
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In the year 1030
Construction
A Romanesque Cathedral of Notre Dame is completed in Chartres, France, shortly before this date, built under the direction of Bishop Fulbert [b. 952 or 962, d. April 10, 1028]. The nave is not vaulted but covered with a wooden roof, which burns during this year. Two transepts are added after the fire. See also 561 Construction; 1134 Construction.
MathematicsMathematician, traveler, and physicist Al-Biruni [b. Kath (Uzbekistan), September 15, 973, d. Afghanistan, December 13, 1048] writes his History of India, giving a general account of India's history based on a critical selection of sources. It becomes the principal introduction to Hindu numeration for the Arabs. See also 832 Mathematics.
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This article is about the year 1030.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 10th century – 11th century – 12th century |
| Decades: | 1000s 1010s 1020s – 1030s – 1040s 1050s 1060s |
| Years: | 1027 1028 1029 – 1030 – 1031 1032 1033 |
| 1030 by topic | |
| Lists of leaders | |
| State leaders | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Gregorian calendar | 1030 MXXX |
| Ab urbe condita | 1783 |
| Armenian calendar | 479 ԹՎ ՆՀԹ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5780 |
| Bahá'í calendar | -814–-813 |
| Bengali calendar | 437 |
| Berber calendar | 1980 |
| English Regnal year | N/A |
| Buddhist calendar | 1574 |
| Burmese calendar | 392 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6538–6539 |
| Chinese calendar | 己巳年十一月廿五日 (3666/3726-11-25) — to —
庚午年十二月初五日(3667/3727-12-5) |
| Coptic calendar | 746–747 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1022–1023 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4790–4791 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1086–1087 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 952–953 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4131–4132 |
| Holocene calendar | 11030 |
| Iranian calendar | 408–409 |
| Islamic calendar | 420–421 |
| Japanese calendar | |
| Julian calendar | 1030 MXXX |
| Korean calendar | 3363 |
| Minguo calendar | 882 before ROC 民前882年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1573 |
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 1030 |
Year 1030 (MXXX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Europe
- July 29 – Battle of Stiklestad (Norway): Olaf II of Norway loses to his pagan vassals and is killed in the battle. He is later canonized and becomes the patron saint of Norway and Rex perpetuum Norvegiae ('the eternal king of Norway').
- The cities of Kaunas in Lithuania and Tartu in Estonia are founded.
- Earliest mention of Thalwil, Switzerland.
- Henry I of France revolts against his father Robert.
Asia
- The Song Dynasty Chinese historian and scholar Ouyang Xiu obtains his jinshi degree at the age of only 22 by passing the highest level examinations in the country (his third attempt), leading him into a distinguished path as a scholar-official.
- Byzantine Emperor Romanus III invades Syria and is defeated at the Battle of Azaz.
- Masud seizes the throne of the Ghaznavid Empire after the death of his father Mahmud.
Births
- July 26 – Stanislaus of Szczepanów, St. Stanislaw (d. 1079)
- Baldwin VI, Count of Flanders (d. 1070)
- Vsevolod I of Kiev (d. 1093)
Deaths
- April 30 – Mahmud of Ghazni
- July 19 – Adalberon, bishop of Laon
- July 29 – King Olaf II of Norway (b. 995)
- September 30 – William V, Duke of Aquitaine (b. 969)
References
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Gale World Chronology
People's Chronology. Copyright © 2005 by The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Houghton Mifflin Guide to Science & Technology
History of Science and Technology, edited by Bryan Bunch and Alexander Hellemans. Copyright © 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
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Mentioned in
Year 1163
(in Science & Technology)
Bruno of Cologne, Saint
(German monk)
Tartu
(city of southeast Estonia)
Year 1037
(in Science & Technology)
Olaf II
(Patron saint and king of Norway)
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