1045

1041 1042 1043 1044 1045 1046 1047 1048 1049 1050

political events

The late Olaf II's half brother Harald Sigurdsson returns to his native Norway after a 15-year sojourn in Kiev, Constantinopole, and Novgorod. Now 29, he gains support from opponents of his nephew Magnus Olafsson (see 1047).

The Byzantine emperor Constantine IX Monomachus seizes the Armenian capital of Ani despite resistance from the Bagratid king Gagik II (but see 1048).

The Japanese emperor Gozaku dies at age 36 after a 9-year reign and is succeeded by his 16-year-old son, who will reign until 1068 as the emperor Goreizei.

religion

Critics of the licentious Pope Benedict IX force him to flee the city in January, Bishop Giovanni di Sabina is elected January 20 to replace him. The new pope (or antipope) reigns until February 10 as Sylvester III but is then expelled by supporters of Benedict, who is persuaded by the archpriest Giovanni Graziano to abdicate in order to avoid a scandal and is elected pope himself May 5. Sylvester recognizes him as the true pope and he will reign until next year as Gregory VI (but see 1046).

1041 1042 1043 1044 1045 1046 1047 1048 1049 1050

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Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	10th century – 11th century – 12th century
Decades:	1010s  1020s  1030s  – 1040s –  1050s  1060s  1070s
Years:	1042 1043 1044 – 1045 – 1046 1047 1048

1045 by topic

Lists of leaders

State leaders

Birth and death categories

Births – Deaths

Establishments and disestablishments categories

Establishments – Disestablishments v • d • e

1045 in other calendars

Gregorian calendar	1045 MXLV
Ab urbe condita	1798
Armenian calendar	494 ԹՎ ՆՂԴ
Bahá'í calendar	-799 – -798
Berber calendar	1995
Buddhist calendar	1589
Burmese calendar	407
Byzantine calendar	6553 – 6554
Chinese calendar	甲申年十二月十一日 (3681/3741-12-11) — to — 乙酉年十一月廿一日 (3682/3742-11-21)
Coptic calendar	761 – 762
Ethiopian calendar	1037 – 1038
Hebrew calendar	4805 – 4806
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1100 – 1101
- Shaka Samvat	967 – 968
- Kali Yuga	4146 – 4147
Holocene calendar	11045
Iranian calendar	423 – 424
Islamic calendar	436 – 437
Japanese calendar
Korean calendar	3378
Thai solar calendar	1588
v • d • e

Events

• Emperor Go-Reizei ascends the throne of Japan.
• Edward the Confessor marries Edith of Wessex and begins construction of Westminster Abbey.
• January 20—Pope Sylvester III becomes the 146th pope, succeeding former pope Benedict IX, who abdicated the previous year.
• April—Pope Sylvester III is deposed (election deemed invalid); Pope Benedict IX is elected once more, becoming the 147th pope.
• May 5—Pope Gregory VI becomes the 148th pope, following the deposition of Pope Benedict IX. There are growing allegations that simony is taking place during Gregory VI's reign.
• Movable type printing is invented by Bi Sheng in China.
• The Lingxiao Pagoda of China is built during the Song Dynasty.
• The Qingli Reforms, put forth by the Chinese statesmen Ouyang Xiu and Fan Zhongyan in 1043, are halted by their conservative ministerial peers, but would later influence reform efforts under Wang Anshi.

Births

• Stephen, Count of Blois (approximately) (d. 1102)
• Waltheof, 1st Earl of Northampton (approximately) (d. 1076)
• Huang Tingjian, famous Chinese calligrapher, painter, and poet (d. 1105)

Deaths

• February 7—Emperor Go-Suzaku of Japan (b. 1009)

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