1056

1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058 1059 1060

political events

The Holy Roman Emperor Heinrich III makes peace with Godfrey, duke of Lorraine, and releases Godfrey's wife, Beatrice, and step-daughter, Matilda, but dies at Pfalz Bodfeld in Saxony's Harz Mountains October 5 at age 38 after a 17-year reign. He is succeeded as German king by his 5-year-old son, who will reign until 1106 as Heinrich IV, initially with his mother, Agnes of Poitou, as regent (see 1062).

The Byzantine empress Theodora dies at age 76, ending the Macedonian dynasty that has ruled the empire since Justinian the Great took power in 527. Theodora's successor, Michael VI (Stratioticus), will be overthrown early next year by a revolt of the feudal barons of Anatolia.

A growing threat from the Shiites and dissension among his supporters over his administration and disbursement of rewards blocks the Seljuk Turkish sultan Tughril Beg from proceeding against the Fatimid caliphate at Cairo (see 1055). Turkmen revolt in Mesopotamia and Persia under the command of Prince Inal, and other Arab forces form a coalition against the Seljuk Turks (see 1058).

1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058 1059 1060

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Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	10th century – 11th century – 12th century
Decades:	1020s  1030s  1040s  – 1050s –  1060s  1070s  1080s
Years:	1053 1054 1055 – 1056 – 1057 1058 1059

1056 by topic

Lists of leaders

State leaders

Birth and death categories

Births – Deaths

Establishments and disestablishments categories

Establishments – Disestablishments v • d • e

1056 in other calendars

Gregorian calendar	1056 MLVI
Ab urbe condita	1809
Armenian calendar	505 ԹՎ ՇԵ
Bahá'í calendar	-788 – -787
Berber calendar	2006
Buddhist calendar	1600
Burmese calendar	418
Byzantine calendar	6564 – 6565
Chinese calendar	乙未年十二月十二日 (3692/3752-12-12) — to — 丙申年十一月廿二日 (3693/3753-11-22)
Coptic calendar	772 – 773
Ethiopian calendar	1048 – 1049
Hebrew calendar	4816 – 4817
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1111 – 1112
- Shaka Samvat	978 – 979
- Kali Yuga	4157 – 4158
Holocene calendar	11056
Iranian calendar	434 – 435
Islamic calendar	447 – 448
Japanese calendar
Korean calendar	3389
Thai solar calendar	1599
v • d • e

Events

• Anselm leaves Italy.
• Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor, becomes King of Germany.
• Ottokar, Count of Steyr, becomes Margrave of the Karantanian March, later known as Styria.
• The Pagoda of Fugong Temple of Shanxi in northern China is built during the Liao Dynasty. Work begins on the Pizhi Pagoda of Lingyan Temple, Shandong, China, under the opposing Song Dynasty.
• The Muslims expel 300 Christians from Jerusalem, and European Christians are forbidden to enter the Church of the Holy Sepulcher.
• Macedonian dynasty ends in Byzantine Empire.

Births

Deaths

• August 31—Theodora, Empress of the Eastern Roman Empire (b. 981)
• October 5—Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1017)
• Abu L'Ala al-Ma'arri, Syrian poet

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